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[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 49, Volume 4]
[Revised as of October 1, 2003]
[CITE: 49CFR230]

[Page 331-396]
 

TITLE 49--TRANSPORTATION
CHAPTER II--FEDERAL RAILROAD ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION
PART 230--STEAM LOCOMOTIVE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE STANDARDS


                           Subpart A--General

Sec.
230.1 Purpose and scope.
230.2 Applicability.
230.3 Implementation.
230.4 Penalties.
230.5 Preemptive effect.
230.6 Waivers.
230.7 Responsibility for compliance.
230.8 Definitions.
230.9 Information collection.
230.10 [Reserved]

                     General Inspection Requirements

230.11 Repair of non-complying conditions.
230.12 Movement of non-complying steam locomotives.
230.13 Daily inspection.
230.14 Thirty-one (31) service day inspection.
230.15 Ninety-two (92) service day inspection.
230.16 Annual inspection.
230.17 One thousand four hundred seventy-two (1472) service day 
          inspection.

                       Recordkeeping Requirements

230.18 Service days.
230.19 Posting of FRA Form No. 1 and FRA Form No. 3.
230.20 Alteration and repair report for steam locomotive boilers.
230.21 Steam locomotive number change.
230.22 Accident reports.

                  Subpart B--Boilers and Appurtenances

230.23 Responsibility for general construction and safe working 
          pressure.

                            Allowable Stress

230.24 Maximum allowable stress.
230.25 Maximum allowable stress on stays and braces.

                          Strength of Materials

230.26 Tensile strength of shell plates.
230.27 Maximum shearing strength of rivets.
230.28 Higher shearing strength of rivets.

                          Inspection and Repair

230.29 Inspection and repair.
230.30 Lap-joint seam boilers.
230.31 Flues to be removed.
230.32 Time and method of inspection.
230.33 Welded repairs and alterations.
230.34 Riveted repairs and alterations.

                       Pressure Testing of Boilers

230.35 Pressure testing.
230.36 Hydrostatic testing of boilers.
230.37 Steam test following repairs or alterations.

                                Staybolts

230.38 Telltale holes.
230.39 Broken staybolts.
230.40 Time and method of staybolt testing.
230.41 Flexible staybolts with caps.

                              Steam Gauges

230.42 Location of gauges.
230.43 Gauge siphon.
230.44 Time of testing.

[[Page 332]]

230.45 Method of testing.
230.46 Badge plates.
230.47 Boiler number.

                          Safety Relief Valves

230.48 Number and capacity.
230.49 Setting of safety relief valves.
230.50 Time of testing.

                      Water Glasses and Gauge Cocks

230.51 Number and location.
230.52 Water glass valves.
230.53 Time of cleaning.
230.54 Testing and maintenance.
230.55 Tubular type water and lubricator glasses and shields.
230.56 Water glass lamps.

               Injectors, Feedwater Pumps, and Flue Plugs

230.57 Injectors and feedwater pumps.
230.58 Flue plugs.

                              Fusible Plugs

230.59 Fusible plugs.

                             Washing Boilers

230.60 Time of washing.
230.61 Arch tubes, water bar tubes, circulators and thermic siphons.

                               Steam Pipes

 230.62 Dry pipe.
230.63 Smoke box, steam pipes and pressure parts.

                               Steam Leaks

230.64 Leaks under lagging.
230.65 Steam blocking view of engine crew.

                Subpart C--Steam Locomotives and Tenders

230.66 Design, construction, and maintenance.
230.67 Responsibility for inspection and repairs.

                            Speed Indicators

230.68 Speed indicators.

                                Ash Pans

230.69 Ash pans.

                       Brake and Signal Equipment

230.70 Safe condition.
230.71 Orifice testing of compressors.
230.72 Testing main reservoirs.
230.73 Air gauges.
230.74 Time of cleaning.
230.75 Stenciling dates of tests and cleaning.
230.76 Piston travel.
230.77 Foundation brake gear.
230.78 Leakage.
230.79 Train signal system.

                Cabs, Warning Signals, Sanders and Lights

230.80 Cabs.
230.81 Cab aprons.
230.82 Fire doors.
230.83 Cylinder cocks.
230.84 Sanders.
230.85 Audible warning device.
230.86 Required illumination.
230.87 Cab lights.

                      Throttles and Reversing Gear

230.88 Throttles.
230.89 Reverse gear.

                       Draw Gear and Draft Systems

230.90 Draw gear between locomotive and tender.
230.91 Chafing irons.
230.92 Draw gear and draft systems.

                              Driving Gear

230.93 Pistons and piston rods.
230.94 Crossheads.
230.95 Guides.
230.96 Main, side, and valve motion rods.
230.97 Crank pins.

                              Running Gear

230.98 Driving, trailing, and engine truck axles.
230.99 Tender truck axles.
230.100 Defects in tender truck axles and journals.
230.101 Steam locomotive driving journal boxes.
230.102 Tender plain bearing journal boxes.
230.103 Tender roller bearing journal boxes.
230.104 Driving box shoes and wedges.
230.105 Lateral motion.

                  Trucks, Frames and Equalizing System

230.106 Steam locomotive frame.
230.107 Tender frame and body.
230.108 Steam locomotive leading and trailing trucks.
230.109 Tender trucks.
230.110 Pilots.
230.111 Spring rigging.

                            Wheels and Tires

230.112 Wheels and tires.
230.113 Wheels and tire defects.
230.114 Wheel centers.

                         Steam Locomotive Tanks

230.115 Feed water tanks.
230.116 Oil tanks.

Appendix A to Part 230--Inspection Requirements
Appendix B to Part 230--Diagrams and Drawings

[[Page 333]]

Appendix C to Part 230--FRA Inspection Forms
Appendix D to Part 230--Civil Penalty Schedule

    Authority: 49 U.S.C. 20103, 20701, 20702; 49 CFR 1.49.

    Source: 64 FR 62865, Nov. 17, 1999, unless otherwise noted.

                           Subpart A--General

Sec. 230.1  Purpose and scope.

    This part prescribes minimum Federal safety standards for all steam-
propelled locomotives operated on railroads to which this part applies. 
This part does not restrict a railroad from adopting and enforcing 
additional or more stringent requirements not inconsistent with this 
part.

Sec. 230.2  Applicability.

    (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, this part 
applies to all railroads that operate steam locomotives.
    (b) This part does not apply to:
    (1) A railroad with track gage of less than 24 inches;
    (2) A railroad that operates exclusively freight trains and does so 
only on track inside an installation that is not part of the general 
system of transportation;
    (3) Rapid transit operations in an urban area that are not connected 
to the general system of transportation; or
    (4) A railroad that operates passenger trains and does so only on 
track inside an installation that is insular, i.e., its operations are 
limited to a separate enclave in such a way that there is no reasonable 
expectation that the safety of the public--except a business guest, a 
licensee of the railroad or an affiliated entity, or a trespasser--would 
be affected by the operation. An operation will not be considered 
insular if one or more of the following exists on its line:
    (i) A public highway-rail crossing that is in use;
    (ii) An at-grade rail crossing that is in use;
    (iii) A bridge over a public road or waters used for commercial 
navigation; or
    (iv) A common corridor with another railroad, i.e., its operations 
are conducted within 30 feet of those of any other railroad.
    (c) See appendix A of part 209 for a current statement of the FRA's 
policy on its exercise of jurisdiction.

Sec. 230.3  Implementation.

    Except as provided in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this section, 
the locomotive owner and/or operator shall perform a 1472 service day 
inspection that meets the requirements of Sec. 230.17 when the 
locomotive's flues would be required to be removed pursuant to 
Sec. 230.10, of the regulations in effect prior to January 18, 2000. 
(See 49 CFR parts 200-999, revised October 1, 1978) At the time the 
locomotive owner and/or operator completes this inspection, it must 
begin to comply with the rest of the provisions of this part. Up until 
such time, and except as provided in paragraphs (a) through (c) of this 
section, compliance with the regulations in effect prior to January 18, 
2000 (See 49 CFR parts 200-999, revised October 1, 1978) will constitute 
full compliance with this part. Any interested person may obtain the 
October 1, 1978 revision of 49 CFR part s 200-999 by contacting the 
Federal Railroad Administration, Office of Chief Counsel, 400 7th 
Street, SW, Washington, DC 20590.
    (a) One year after January 18, 2000. The following sections of this 
part must be complied with by January 18, 2001: Secs. 230.7, 230.51, 
230.57, 230.68, 230.70, 230.85, 230.87, 230.115, and 230.116.
    (b) Interim flue removal extensions. FRA will continue to consider 
requests for flue removal extensions under the provisions of Sec. 230.10 
of the regulations in effect prior to January 18, 2000 (See 49 CFR parts 
200-999, revised October 1, 1978) until January 18, 2002.
    (c) Petition for special consideration. The locomotive owner or 
operator may petition FRA for special consideration of this part's 
implementation with respect to any locomotive that has either fully or 
partially satisfied the requirements of Sec. 230.17 within the three (3) 
year period prior to September 25, 1998--provided the locomotive is in 
full

[[Page 334]]

compliance with Sec. 230.17 by the time the petition is actually 
filed.\1\
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    \1\ Note: As an example, where a locomotive has received a proper 
boiler inspection after September 25, 1995 pursuant to Secs. 230.10 and 
230.11 of the regulations in effect prior to January 18, 2000 but has 
not had its FRA Form No. 4 updated, the locomotive owner or operator may 
update and verify the FRA Form No. 4 for that locomotive, and submit a 
timely petition that requests retroactive credit for the boiler 
inspection. (See 49 CFR parts 200-999, revised October 1, 1978.)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (1) Petition process. Petitions must be filed by January 18, 2001 
and must be accompanied by all relevant documentation to be considered, 
including a FRA Form No. 4 (see appendix C of this part) that has been 
calculated in accordance with Sec. 230.17, and all records that 
demonstrate the number of days the locomotive has been in service. Based 
upon the documentation provided, FRA will calculate the number of 
``service days'' the locomotive has accrued and will notify the 
petitioner of the number of service days that remain in the locomotive's 
1472 service day cycle. Petitions should be sent to FRA by some form of 
registered mail to ensure a record of delivery. FRA will investigate 
these petitions and will respond to these petitions within one year of 
their receipt. FRA will send its response by some form of registered 
mail to ensure that a record of delivery is created. In its response, 
FRA may grant the petition or deny it. If FRA grants the petition, the 
entirety of the revised requirements will become effective upon receipt 
of FRA's response, unless FRA's response indicates otherwise. If FRA 
denies the petition, the rule will become effective as provided in the 
first paragraph of this section.
    (2) FRA silence. Anyone who does not receive a response within one 
year of the date they filed their petition, whether through 
administrative or postal error, must notify FRA that the response has 
not been received. The notification should be provided to FRA by some 
form of registered mail to ensure a record of delivery. Upon receipt of 
this notification, FRA will ensure that a response is either issued, or 
re-issued, as soon as possible. In the interim, however, any operator 
who is at the end of their inspection cycle under the rules in effect 
prior to January 18, 2000 (See 49 CFR parts 200-999, revised October 1, 
1978) will be allowed to remain in service without conducting the 
required inspection under Sec. 230.17 for an additional six months, or 
until they receive FRA's decision, whichever occurs first.

Sec. 230.4  Penalties.

    (a) Any person who violates any requirement of this part or causes 
the violation of any such requirement is subject to a civil penalty of 
at least $500 and not more than $11,000 per violation, except that: 
Penalties may be assessed against individuals only for willful 
violations, and, where a grossly negligent violation or a pattern of 
repeated violations has created an imminent hazard of death or injury to 
persons, or has caused death or injury, a penalty not to exceed $22,000 
per violation may be assessed. Each day a violation continues shall 
constitute a separate offense. See appendix A of part 209 for a 
statement of agency civil penalty policy.
    (b) Any person who knowingly and willfully falsifies a record or 
report required by this part may be subject to criminal penalties under 
49 U.S.C. 21311.

Sec. 230.5  Preemptive effect.

    The Locomotive Boiler Inspection Act (49 U.S.C. 20701-20703) 
preempts all State laws or regulations concerning locomotive safety. 
Napier v. Atlantic Coast Line R.R., 272 U.S. 605 (1926). However, FRA 
believes Congress did not intend to preempt State laws or regulations 
concerning rail operations over which FRA does not exercise 
jurisdiction. Therefore, in issuing this part, it is FRA's intent that 
State laws or regulations applicable to those rail operations to which 
this part does not apply (i.e., insular tourist operations) not be 
preempted.

Sec. 230.6  Waivers.

    (a) A person subject to a requirement of this part may petition the 
Administrator of FRA for a waiver of compliance with such requirement. 
The filing of such a petition does not affect that person's 
responsibility for compliance

[[Page 335]]

with that requirement while the petition is being considered.
    (b) Each petition for waiver under this section must be filed in the 
manner and contain the information required by part 211 of this chapter.
    (c) If the Administrator finds that a waiver of compliance is in the 
public interest and is consistent with railroad safety, the 
Administrator may grant the waiver subject to any conditions the 
Administrator deems necessary. Where a waiver is granted, the 
Administrator publishes a notice containing the reasons for granting the 
waiver.
    (d) All waivers of every form and type from any requirement of any 
order or regulation implementing the Locomotive Boiler Inspection Act, 
36 Stat. 913, as amended, 49 U.S.C. 20702, applicable to one or more 
steam locomotives, shall lapse on January 18, 2000 unless a copy of the 
grant of waiver is filed for reassessment prior to that date with the 
Office of Safety, Federal Railroad Administration, 400 Seventh Street, 
Washington, DC 20590. FRA will review the waiver and notify the 
applicant whether the waiver has been continued.

Sec. 230.7  Responsibility for compliance.

    (a) The locomotive owner and/or operator is directly responsible for 
ensuring that all requirements of this part are satisfied, and is the 
entity primarily responsible for compliance with this part.
    (b) Although the duties imposed by this part are generally stated in 
terms of the duties of a railroad or a steam locomotive owner and/or 
operator, any person, including a contractor for a railroad, who 
performs any function covered by this part must perform that function in 
accordance with this part.
    (c) Chapter 207 of Title 49 of the United States Codes makes it 
unlawful for any railroad to use or permit to be used on its line any 
steam locomotive or tender unless the entire steam locomotive or tender 
and its parts and appurtenances are in proper condition and safe to 
operate in the service to which they are put, without unnecessary danger 
of personal injury and have been inspected and tested as required by 
this part.

Sec. 230.8  Definitions.

    As used in this part, the terms listed in this section have the 
following definitions:
    Administrator. The Administrator of the Federal Railroad 
Administration or the Administrator's delegate.
    Alteration. Any change to the boiler which affects its pressure 
retention capability. Rating changes are considered alterations.
    ANSI. American National Standards Institute.
    API. American Petroleum Institute.
    ASME. American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
    Boiler surfaces. The boiler interior is all the space inside a 
boiler occupied by water or steam under pressure, and all associated 
surfaces inside that space exposed to that water and steam. The boiler 
exterior is the opposite surface of all components directly exposed to 
the boiler interior. This includes the fire side of the firebox sheets.
    Break. A fracture resulting in complete separation into parts.
    Code of original construction. The manufacturer's or industry code 
in effect when the boiler was constructed. If the exact code is not 
known, the closest contemporary code may be used provided it does not 
pre-date the construction date of the boiler.
    Crack. A fracture without complete separation into parts, except 
that castings with shrinkage cracks or hot tears that do not 
significantly diminish the strength of the member are not considered to 
be cracked.
    Dead locomotive. A locomotive unable to produce tractive effort.
    Fire. Anything that produces products of combustion that heat 
transferring components of the locomotive are exposed to.
    FRA. The Federal Railroad Administration.
    Locomotive operator. Person or entity which operates, but which does 
not necessarily own, one or more steam locomotives. This term means, for 
purposes of inspection and maintenance responsibility, the entity 
responsible for the day-to-day operation of the steam locomotive, or the 
delegate thereof. This entity may be a railroad or a person or persons 
who operate a

[[Page 336]]

steam locomotive under contract for a railroad.
    Locomotive owner. Person or entity which owns, but which does not 
necessarily operate, one or more steam locomotives that is operated on a 
railroad to which this part applies. For purposes of inspection and 
maintenance responsibility, this term includes that entity's delegate as 
well.
    MAWP. Maximum allowable working pressure as specified by the steam 
locomotive specification FRA Form No. 4. (See appendix C of this part.)
    NBIC. National Board Inspection Code published by the National Board 
of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors.
    NDE. Non-destructive Examination.
    NPS. Nominal Pipe Size.
    Person. An entity of any type covered under 1 U.S.C. 1, including 
but not limited to the following: a railroad; a manager, supervisor, 
official, or other employee or agent of a railroad; any owner, 
manufacturer, lessor, or lessee of railroad equipment, track, or 
facilities; any independent contractor providing goods or services to a 
railroad; and any employee of such owner, manufacturer, lessor, lessee, 
or independent contractor.
    Railroad. Any form of non-highway ground transportation that runs on 
rails or electromagnetic guideways and any entity providing such 
transportation, including commuter or other short-haul railroad 
passenger service in a metropolitan or suburban area and commuter 
railroad service that was operated by the Consolidated Rail Corporation 
on January 1, 1979; and high speed ground transportation systems that 
connect metropolitan areas, without regard to whether those systems use 
new technologies not associated with traditional railroads; but does not 
include rapid transit operations in an urban area that are not connected 
to the general railroad system of transportation.
    Renewal. Replacement in kind with a newly manufactured or 
remanufactured (restored to original tolerances) component. Materials 
shall be suitable for the service intended.
    Repair. Any work which results in a restoration in kind.
    Serious injury. An injury that results in the amputation of any 
appendage, the loss of sight in an eye, the fracture of a bone, or the 
confinement in a hospital for a period of more than 24 consecutive 
hours.
    Service day. Any calendar day that the boiler has steam pressure 
above atmospheric pressure with fire in the firebox. In the case of a 
fireless steam locomotive, any calendar day that the boiler has steam 
pressure above atmospheric pressure.
    Stayed portion of the boiler. That portion of the boiler designed to 
require support to retain internal pressure by the addition of strength 
members, such as staybolts, braces, diagonal stays, tubes, etc.
    Steam locomotive. A self-propelled unit of equipment powered by 
steam that is either designed or used for moving other equipment. This 
includes a self-propelled unit designed or used to carry freight and/or 
passenger traffic.
    Unstayed Portion of the Boiler. That portion of the boiler designed 
to be self-supported in retaining internal pressure without additional 
strength members such as staybolts, braces, diagonal stays, tubes, etc.
    Wastage. A reduction in the thickness of a mechanical component, 
such as a pipe or sheet.

Sec. 230.9  Information collection.

    (a) [Reserved]
    (b) The information collection requirements are found in the 
following sections: Secs. 230.3, 230.12 through 230.21, 230.33, 230.34, 
230.41, 230.46, 230.47, 230.75, 230.96, 230.98, and 230.116.

Sec. 230.10  [Reserved]

                     General Inspection Requirements

Sec. 230.11  Repair of non-complying conditions.

    The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall repair any steam 
locomotive that fails to comply with the conditions of this part, and 
shall approve any such repairs made, before placing the locomotive back 
into service.

[[Page 337]]

Sec. 230.12  Movement of non-complying steam locomotives.

    (a) General limitations on movement. A steam locomotive with one or 
more non-complying conditions may be moved only as a lite steam 
locomotive or a steam locomotive in tow, except as provided in paragraph 
(b) of this section. Cars essential to the movement of the steam 
locomotive and tender(s), including tool cars and a bunk car, may 
accompany lite movements.
    (b) Conditions for movement. Prior to movement, the steam locomotive 
owner and/or operator shall determine that it is safe to move the 
locomotive, determine the maximum speed and other restrictions necessary 
for safely conducting the movement, and notify in writing the engineer 
in charge of the defective steam locomotive and, if towed, the engineer 
in charge of the towing locomotive consist, as well as all other crew 
members in the cabs, of the presence of the non-complying steam 
locomotive and the maximum speed and other movement restrictions. In 
addition, a tag bearing the words ``non-complying locomotive'' shall be 
securely attached to each defective steam locomotive and shall contain 
the following information:
    (1) The steam locomotive number;
    (2) The name of the inspecting entity;
    (3) The inspection location and date;
    (4) The nature of the defect;
    (5) Movement restrictions, if any;
    (6) The destination; and
    (7) The signature of the person making the determinations required 
by this paragraph (b).
    (c) Yard movements. A non-complying steam locomotive may be moved 
lite or dead within a yard at speeds not in excess of 10 miles per hour 
without meeting the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section if the 
movement is solely for the purpose of repair. The locomotive owner and/
or operator is responsible for ensuring that the movement may be safely 
made.
    (d) Non-complying conditions developed en route. The locomotive 
owner and/or operator may continue in use a steam locomotive that 
develops a non-complying condition en route until the next daily 
inspection or the nearest forward point where the repairs necessary to 
bring it into compliance can be made, whichever is earlier. Before 
continuing en route, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall 
determine that it is safe to move the steam locomotive, determine the 
maximum speed and other restrictions necessary for safely conducting the 
movement, and notify in writing the engineer in charge of the defective 
steam locomotive and, if towed, the engineer in charge of the towing 
steam locomotive consist, as well as all other crew members in the cabs, 
of the presence of the non-complying steam locomotive and the maximum 
speed and other movement restrictions.
    (e) Special notice for repair. Nothing in this section authorizes 
the movement of a steam locomotive subject to a Special Notice for 
Repair unless the movement is made in accordance with the restrictions 
contained in the Special Notice.

Sec. 230.13  Daily inspection.

    (a) General. An individual competent to conduct the inspection shall 
inspect each steam locomotive and its tender each day that they are 
offered for use to determine that they are safe and suitable for 
service. The daily inspection shall be conducted to comply with all 
sections of this part, and a daily inspection report filed, by an 
individual competent to conduct the inspection. See appendices A and B 
of this part.
    (b) Pre-departure. At the beginning of each day the steam locomotive 
is used, an individual competent to do so shall, together with the daily 
inspection required in paragraph (a) of this section, inspect the steam 
locomotive and its tender and appurtenances to ensure that they are safe 
and suitable for service, paying special attention to the following 
items:
    (1) Water glasses and gauge cocks;
    (2) Boiler feedwater delivery systems, such as injectors and 
feedwater pumps; and
    (3) Air compressors and governors, and the air brake system.
    (c) Inspection reports. The results of the daily inspection shall be 
entered on an FRA Form No. 2 (See appendix C of this part) which shall 
contain, at a minimum, the name of the railroad, the initials and number 
of the steam locomotive, the place, date and time of

[[Page 338]]

the inspection, the signature of the employee making the inspection, a 
description of the non-complying conditions disclosed by the inspection, 
conditions found in non-compliance during the day and repaired and the 
signature of the person who repaired the non-conforming conditions. This 
report shall be filed even if no non-complying conditions are detected. 
A competent individual shall sign the report, certifying that all non-
complying conditions were repaired before the steam locomotive is 
operated. This report shall be filed and retained for at least 92 days 
at the location designated by the steam locomotive owner and/or 
operator.

Sec. 230.14  Thirty-one (31) service day inspection.

    (a) General. An individual competent to conduct the inspection shall 
perform the 31 service day inspection after the steam locomotive has 
accrued 31 service days. This inspection shall consist of all 31 service 
day inspection items and all daily inspection items. See appendix A of 
this part. Days in service shall be counted, recorded and readily 
available for inspection when requested by an FRA inspector.
    (b) FRA notification. FRA Regional Administrators or their 
delegate(s) may require a steam locomotive owner or operator to provide 
FRA with timely notification before performing a 31 service day 
inspection. If the Regional Administrator or their delegate indicates 
their desire to be present for the 31 service day inspection, the steam 
locomotive owner and/or operator shall provide them a scheduled date and 
location for inspection. Once scheduled, the inspection must be 
performed at the time and place specified, unless the Regional 
Administrator and the steam locomotive owner and/or operator mutually 
agree to reschedule. If the Regional Administrator requests the 
inspection be performed on another date but the steam locomotive owner 
and/or operator and the Regional Administrator are unable to agree on a 
date for rescheduling, the inspection may be performed as scheduled.
    (c) Filing inspection reports. Within 10 days of conducting the 31 
service day inspection, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall 
file, for each steam locomotive inspected, a report of inspection (FRA 
Form No. 1), in the place where the steam locomotive is maintained and 
with the FRA Regional Administrator for that region. When the report of 
annual inspection (FRA Form No. 3), is filed, the FRA Form No. 1 does 
not have to be filed until the next 31 service day inspection. (See 
Appendix B of this part.)

Sec. 230.15  Ninety-two (92) service day inspection.

    (a) General. An individual competent to conduct the inspection shall 
perform the 92 service day inspection after the steam locomotive has 
accrued 92 ``service-days.'' This inspection shall include all daily, 
all 31 service day, and all 92 service day inspection items. See 
appendix A of this part. Days in service shall be counted, recorded, and 
readily available for inspection when requested by an FRA inspector.
    (b) Filing inspection reports. Within 10 days of conducting the 92 
service day inspection, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall 
file, for each steam locomotive inspected, a report of inspection ( FRA 
Form No. 1), in the place the locomotive is maintained and with the FRA 
Regional Administrator for that region.
    When the report of annual inspection ( FRA Form No. 3), is filed, 
the FRA Form No. 1 does not have to be filed until the next 92 service 
day inspection. (See appendix C of this part.)

Sec. 230.16  Annual inspection.

    (a) General. (1) An individual competent to conduct the inspection 
shall perform the annual inspection after 368 calendar days have elapsed 
from the time of the previous annual inspection. This inspection shall 
include all daily, all 31 service day, all 92 service day, and all 
annual inspection items. (See appendix B of this part.)
    (2) Fifth annual inspection. An individual competent to do so shall 
perform a flexible staybolt and cap inspection in accordance with 
Sec. 230.41 at each fifth annual inspection.
    (b) FRA notification. FRA Regional Administrators shall be provided 
written notice at least one month prior to an annual inspection and 
shall be afforded an opportunity to be present. If

[[Page 339]]

the Regional Administrator or their delegate indicates a desire to be 
present, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator will provide a 
scheduled date and location for the inspection. Once scheduled, the 
inspection must be performed at the time and place specified, unless the 
Regional Administrator and the steam locomotive owner and/or operator 
mutually agree to reschedule. If the Regional Administrator requests the 
inspection be performed on another date but the steam locomotive owner 
and/or operator and the Regional Administrator are unable to agree on a 
date for rescheduling, the inspection may be performed as scheduled.
    (c) Filing inspection reports. Within 10 days of completing the 
annual inspection, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall 
file, for each steam locomotive inspected, a report of inspection (FRA 
Form No. 3), in the place where the steam locomotive is maintained and 
with the FRA Regional Administrator for that region. (See appendix A of 
this part)

Sec. 230.17  One thousand four hundred seventy-two (1472) service day 
          inspection.

    (a) General. Before any steam locomotive is initially put in service 
or brought out of retirement, and after every 1472 service days or 15 
years, whichever is earlier, an individual competent to conduct the 
inspection shall inspect the entire boiler. In the case of a new 
locomotive or a locomotive being brought out of retirement, the initial 
15 year period shall begin on the day that the locomotive is placed in 
service or 365 calendar days after the first flue tube is installed in 
the locomotive, whichever comes first. This 1472 service day inspection 
shall include all annual, and 5th annual, inspection requirements, as 
well as any items required by the steam locomotive owner and/or operator 
or the FRA inspector. At this time, the locomotive owner and/or operator 
shall complete, update and verify the locomotive specification card (FRA 
Form No. 4), to reflect the condition of the boiler at the time of this 
inspection. See appendices A and B of this part.
    (b) Filing inspection reports. Within 30 days of completing the 1472 
service day inspection, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator 
shall, for each steam locomotive inspected, file in the place where the 
steam locomotive is maintained and with the FRA Regional Administrator 
for that region a report of inspection (FRA Form No. 3), and a completed 
FRA Form No.4. See appendix C of this part.

                       Recordkeeping Requirements

Sec. 230.18  Service days.

    (a) Service day record. For every steam locomotive currently in 
service, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall have 
available, and be able to show an FRA inspector upon request, a current 
copy of the service day record that contains the number of service days 
the steam locomotive has accrued since the last 31, 92, Annual and 1472 
service day inspections.
    (b) Service day report. By the 31st of every January, every steam 
locomotive owner and/or operator shall file a service day report, FRA 
Form No. 5, with the Regional Administrator accounting for the days the 
steam locomotive was in service from January 1 through December 31st of 
the preceding year. If the steam locomotive was in service zero (0) days 
during that period, a report must still be filed to prevent the steam 
locomotive from being considered retired by FRA. (See appendix B of this 
part.)
    (c) Retirement where no service day reports filed. Where the steam 
locomotive owner and/or operator does not file the required service day 
report for a steam locomotive, that steam locomotive may be considered 
retired by FRA. The steam locomotive owner and/or operator must complete 
all 1472 service day inspection items to return a retired steam 
locomotive to service.

Sec. 230.19  Posting of FRA Form No. 1 and FRA Form No. 3.

    (a) FRA Form No. 1. The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall 
place a copy of the 31 and 92 service day inspection report (FRA Form 
No. 1), properly filled out, under transparent cover in a conspicuous 
place in the cab of the steam locomotive before

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the inspected boiler is put into service. This FRA Form No. 1 will not 
be required for the first 31 service days following an annual inspection 
and the posting of an FRA Form No. 3. (See appendix B of this part.)
    (b) FRA Form No. 3. In addition to the FRA Form No. 1, the steam 
locomotive owner and/or operator shall also maintain in the cab a 
current copy of FRA Form No. 3 in the manner described in paragraph (a) 
of this section. (See appendix C of this part.)

Sec. 230.20  Alteration and repair report for steam locomotive boilers.

    (a) Alterations. When an alteration is made to a steam locomotive 
boiler, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall file an 
alteration report (FRA Form No. 19), detailing the changes to the 
locomotive with the FRA Regional Administrator within 30 days from the 
date the work was completed. This form shall be attached to, and 
maintained with, the FRA Form No. 4 until such time as a new FRA Form 
No. 4 reflecting the alteration is submitted to the Regional 
Administrator. Alteration reports shall be filed and maintained for the 
life of the boiler. (See appendix B of this part.)
    (b) Welded and riveted repairs to unstayed portions of the boiler. 
Whenever welded or riveted repairs are performed on unstayed portions of 
a steam locomotive boiler, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator 
shall file with the FRA Regional Administrator, within 30 days from the 
time the work was completed, a repair report, FRA Form No. 19, that 
details the work done to the steam locomotive. Repair reports shall be 
filed and maintained for the life of the boiler. (See appendix B of this 
part.)
    (c) Welded and riveted repairs to stayed portions of the boiler. 
Whenever welded or riveted repairs are performed on stayed portions of a 
steam locomotive boiler, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator 
shall complete a repair report (FRA Form No. 19), detailing the work 
done. Repair reports shall be maintained for the life of the boiler. 
(See appendix C of this part.)

Sec. 230.21  Steam locomotive number change.

    When a steam locomotive number is changed, the steam locomotive 
owner and/or operator must reflect the change in the upper right-hand 
corner of all documentation related to the steam locomotive by showing 
the old and new numbers:
    Old No. 000
    New No. XXX.

Sec. 230.22  Accident reports.

    In the case of an accident due to failure, from any cause, of a 
steam locomotive boiler or any part or appurtenance thereof, resulting 
in serious injury or death to one or more persons, the railroad on whose 
line the accident occurred shall immediately make a telephone report of 
the accident by calling the National Response Center (toll free) at Area 
Code 800-424-0201. The report shall state the nature of the accident, 
the number of persons killed or seriously injured, the place at which it 
occurred, and the location where the steam locomotive may be inspected. 
Confirmation of this report shall be immediately mailed to the Associate 
Administrator for Safety, Federal Railroad Administration, Washington, 
DC 20590, and contain a detailed report of the accident, including, to 
the extent known, the causes and a complete list of the casualties.

                  Subpart B--Boilers and Appurtenances

Sec. 230.23  Responsibility for general construction and safe working 
          pressure.

    The steam locomotive owner and operator are responsible for the 
general design and construction of the steam locomotive boilers under 
their control. The steam locomotive owner shall establish the safe 
working pressure for each steam locomotive boiler, after giving full 
consideration to the general design, workmanship, age, and overall 
condition of the complete boiler unit. The condition of the boiler unit 
shall be determined by, among other factors, the minimum thickness of 
the shell plates, the lowest tensile strength of the plates, the 
efficiency of the longitudinal joint, the inside diameter of

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the course, and the maximum allowable stress value allowed. The steam 
locomotive operator shall not place the steam locomotive in service 
before ensuring that the steam locomotive's safe working pressure has 
been established.

                            Allowable Stress

Sec. 230.24  Maximum allowable stress.

    (a) Maximum allowable stress value. The maximum allowable stress 
value on any component of a steam locomotive boiler shall not exceed \1/
4\ of the ultimate tensile strength of its material.
    (b) Safety factor. When it is necessary to use the code of original 
construction in boiler calculations, the safety factor value shall not 
be less than 4.

Sec. 230.25  Maximum allowable stress on stays and braces.

    The maximum allowable stress per square inch of net cross sectional 
area on fire box and combustion chamber stays shall be 7,500 psi. The 
maximum allowable stress per square inch of net cross sectional area on 
round, rectangular, or gusset braces shall be 9,000 psi.

                          Strength of Materials

Sec. 230.26  Tensile strength of shell plates.

    When the tensile strength of steel or wrought-iron shell plates is 
not known, it shall be taken at 50,000 psi for steel and 45,000 psi for 
wrought iron.

Sec. 230.27  Maximum shearing strength of rivets.

    The maximum shearing strength of rivets per square inch of cross 
sectional area shall be taken as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                 Pounds
                                                                   per
                            Rivets                               square
                                                                  inch
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Iron Rivets in Single Shear...................................    38,000
Iron Rivets in Double Shear...................................    76,000
Steel Rivets in Single Shear..................................    44,000
Steel Rivets in Double Shear..................................    88,000
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 230.28  Higher shearing strength of rivets.

    A higher shearing strength may be used for rivets when it can be 
shown through testing that the rivet material used is of such quality as 
to justify a higher allowable shearing strength.

                          Inspection and Repair

Sec. 230.29  Inspection and repair.

    (a) Responsibility. The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall 
inspect and repair all steam locomotive boilers and appurtenances under 
their control. They shall immediately remove from service any boiler 
that has developed cracks in the barrel. The steam locomotive owner and/
or operator shall also remove the boiler from service whenever either of 
them, or the FRA inspector, considers it necessary due to other defects.
    (b) Repair standards. (1) All defects disclosed by inspection shall 
be repaired in accordance with accepted industry standards--which may 
include established railroad practices, or NBIC or API established 
standards--before the steam locomotive is returned to service. The steam 
locomotive owner and/or operator shall not return the steam locomotive 
boiler or appurtenances to service unless they are in good condition and 
safe and suitable for service.
    (2) Any welding to unstayed portions of the boiler made pursuant to 
Sec. 230.33 shall be made in accordance with an accepted national 
standard for boiler repairs. The steam locomotive owner and/or operator 
shall not return the steam locomotive boiler or appurtenances to service 
unless they are in good condition and safe and suitable for service.

Sec. 230.30  Lap-joint seam boilers.

    Every boiler having lap-joint longitudinal seams without reinforcing 
plates shall have sufficient lagging, jacketing, flues, and tubes 
removed at every annual inspection so that an inspection of the entire 
joint, inside and out, can be made, taking special care to detect 
grooving or cracks at the edges of the seams.

Sec. 230.31  Flues to be removed.

    (a) Inspection of the boiler interior. During the 1472 service day 
inspection, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall remove all 
flues of steam locomotive boilers in service, except as

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provided in paragraph (b) of this section, for the purpose of inspecting 
the entire interior of the boiler and its bracing. After removing the 
flues, the steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall enter the boiler 
to remove scale from the interior and thoroughly clean and inspect it.
    (b) NDE testing. If the boiler can be thoroughly cleaned and 
inspected without removing the superheater flues, and it can be shown 
through appropriate NDE testing methods that they are safe and suitable 
for service, their removal may not be required at this time. Their 
removal may be required, however, if the FRA inspector, or the steam 
locomotive owner and/or operator, considers it necessary due to 
identifiable safety concerns.

Sec. 230.32  Time and method of inspection.

    (a) Time of inspection. The entire boiler shall completely be 
inspected at the 1472 service day inspection. The jacket, lagging and 
any other components interfering with the provision of inspection access 
shall be removed at this time. Those portions of the boiler that are 
exposed and able to be inspected as required by the daily, 31service 
day, annual and fifth annual inspections shall be inspected at those 
times. The interior of the boiler also shall be inspected at each annual 
inspection, after the completion of any hydrostatic test above MAWP, and 
whenever a sufficient number of flues are removed to allow examination. 
The jacket, lagging and any other components shall also be removed to 
provide inspection access whenever the FRA inspector, or the steam 
locomotive owner and/or operator, considers it necessary due to 
identifiable safety concerns.
    (b) Method of inspection.--(1) Entire boiler. During the 1472 
service day inspection, the entire boiler shall be examined for cracks, 
pitting, grooving, or indications of overheating and for damage where 
mud has collected, or heavy scale formed. The edges of plates, all laps, 
seams, and points where cracks and defects are likely to develop, shall 
be thoroughly inspected. Rivets shall be inspected for corrosion and 
looseness.
    (2) Boiler interior. When inspecting the boiler interior, it must be 
seen that braces and stays are taut, that pins are properly secured in 
place, and that each is in condition to support its proportion of the 
load. Washout plugs shall be removed for access and visual inspection of 
the water side of the firebox sheets. Washout plug threads, sleeves and 
threaded openings shall be examined at this time.
    (3) Boiler exterior. A thorough inspection shall be made of the 
entire exterior of the boiler while under hydrostatic pressure.

Sec. 230.33  Welded repairs and alterations.

    (a) Unstayed portions of the boiler containing alloy steel or carbon 
steel with a carbon content over 0.25 percent. Prior to welding on 
unstayed portions of the boiler, the steam locomotive owner and/or 
operator shall submit a written request for approval to the FRA Regional 
Administrator. If the approval is granted, the steam locomotive owner 
and/or operator shall perform any welding to unstayed portions of the 
boiler in accordance with an accepted national standard for boiler 
repairs. The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall satisfy 
reporting requirements in Sec. 230.20 at this time.
    (b) Unstayed portions of the boiler containing carbon steel not 
exceeding 0.25 percent carbon. The steam locomotive owner and/or 
operator shall perform any welding to unstayed portions of the boiler in 
accordance with an accepted national standard for boiler repairs. The 
steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall satisfy reporting 
requirements in Sec. 230.20 at this time.
    (c) Wastage. The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall submit 
a written request for approval to the FRA Regional Administrator before 
performing weld build up on wasted areas of unstayed surfaces of the 
boiler that exceed a total of 100 square inches or the smaller of 25 
percent of minimum required wall thickness or 1/2 inch. Wasted sheets 
shall not be repaired by weld build up if the wasted sheet has been 
reduced to less than 60 percent of the minimum required thickness as 
required by this part.

[[Page 343]]

    (d) Flush patches. The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall 
submit a written request for approval to the FRA Regional Administrator 
for the installation of flush patches of any size on unstayed portions 
of the boiler.
    (e) Stayed portions of the boiler. The steam locomotive owner and/or 
operator shall perform welded repairs or alterations on stayed portions 
of the boiler in accordance with established railroad practices, or an 
accepted national standard for boiler repairs. The steam locomotive 
owner and/or operator shall satisfy the reporting requirements in 
Sec. 230.20 at this time.

Sec. 230.34  Riveted repairs and alterations.

    (a) Alterations to unstayed portions of the boiler. Prior to making 
riveted alterations on unstayed portions of the boiler, the steam 
locomotive owner and/or operator shall submit a written request for 
approval to the FRA Regional Administrator. If approval is granted, the 
steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall perform any riveting to 
unstayed portions of the boiler in accordance with established railroad 
practices or an accepted national standard for boiler repairs. The steam 
locomotive owner and/or operator shall satisfy reporting requirements in 
Sec. 230.20 at this time.
    (b) Repairs to unstayed portions of the boiler. The steam locomotive 
owner and/or operator shall perform any riveted repairs to unstayed 
portions of the boiler in accordance with established railroad 
practices, or an accepted national standard for boiler repairs. The 
steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall satisfy reporting 
requirements in Sec. 230.20 at this time.
    (c) Repairs to stayed portions of the boiler. The steam locomotive 
owner and/or operator shall perform riveted repairs or alterations on 
stayed portions of the boiler in accordance with established railroad 
practices or an accepted national standard for boiler repairs. The steam 
locomotive owner and/or operator shall satisfy reporting requirements in 
Sec. 230.20 at this time.

                       Pressure Testing of Boilers

Sec. 230.35  Pressure testing.

    The temperature of the steam locomotive boiler shall be raised to at 
least 70 deg. F any time hydrostatic pressure is applied to the boiler.

Sec. 230.36  Hydrostatic testing of boilers.

    (a) Time of test. The locomotive owner and/or operator shall 
hydrostatically test every boiler at the following times:
    (1) During the 1472 service day inspection, and at every annual 
inspection thereafter;
    (2) After making any alteration to the boiler;
    (3) After installing a flush patch on an unstayed portion of the 
boiler; and
    (4) After any riveting on an unstayed portion of the boiler.
    (b) Method of testing. The metal temperature of the boiler shall be 
between 70 degrees Fahrenheit and 120 degrees Fahrenheit each time it is 
subjected to any hydrostatic pressure. Hydrostatic testing required by 
these rules shall be conducted at 25 percent above the MAWP.
    (c) Internal inspection. An internal inspection of the boiler shall 
be conducted following any hydrostatic test where the pressure exceeds 
MAWP.

Sec. 230.37  Steam test following repairs or alterations.

    Upon completion of any repair or alteration, the locomotive owner 
and/or operator shall conduct a steam test of the boiler with steam 
pressure raised to between 95 percent and 100 percent of the MAWP. At 
this time, the boiler shall be inspected to ensure that it is in a safe 
and suitable condition for service.

                                Staybolts

Sec. 230.38  Telltale holes.

    (a) Staybolts less than 8 inches long. All staybolts shorter than 8 
inches, except flexible bolts, shall have telltale holes 3/16 inch to 7/
32 inch diameter and at least 1\1/4\ inches deep in the outer end.
    (b) Reduced body staybolts. On reduced body staybolts, the telltale 
hole shall

[[Page 344]]

extend beyond the fillet and into the reduced section of the staybolt. 
Staybolts may have through telltale holes.
    (c) Telltale holes kept open. All telltale holes, except as provided 
for in Sec. 230.41, must be kept open at all times.

Sec. 230.39  Broken staybolts.

    (a) Maximum allowable number of broken staybolts. No boiler shall be 
allowed to remain in service with two broken staybolts located within 24 
inches of each other, as measured inside the firebox or combustion 
chamber on a straight line. No boiler shall be allowed to remain in 
service with more than 4 broken staybolts inside the entire firebox and 
combustion chamber, combined.
    (b) Staybolt replacement. Broken staybolts must be replaced during 
the 31 service day inspection, if detected at that time. Broken 
staybolts detected in between 31 service day inspections must be 
replaced no later than 30 calendar days from the time of detection. When 
staybolts 8 inches or less in length are replaced, they shall be 
replaced with bolts that have telltale holes \3/16\ inch to \7/32\ inch 
in diameter and at least 1\1/4\ inches deep at each end, or that have 
telltale holes \3/16\ inch to \7/32\ inch in diameter their entire 
length. At the time of replacement of broken staybolts, adjacent 
staybolts shall be inspected.
    (c) Assessment of broken staybolts. Telltale holes leaking, plugged, 
or missing shall be counted as broken staybolts.
    (d) Prohibited methods of closing telltale holes. Welding, forging, 
or riveting broken staybolt ends is prohibited as a method of closing 
telltale holes.

Sec. 230.40  Time and method of staybolt testing.

    (a) Time of hammer testing--(1) General. All staybolts shall be 
hammer tested at every 31 service day inspection, except as provided in 
paragraph (a)(2) of this section. All staybolts also shall be hammer 
tested under hydrostatic pressure any time hydrostatic pressure above 
the MAWP specified on the boiler specification form (FRA Form No. 4), is 
applied to the boiler. (See appendix B of this part.)
    (2) Exception for inaccessible staybolts. The removal of brickwork 
or grate bearers for the purpose of hammer testing staybolts during each 
31 service day inspection will not be required if the staybolts behind 
these structural impediments have a telltale hole 3/16 inch to 7/32 inch 
in diameter their entire length. Whenever the brickwork or grate bearers 
are removed for any other reason, however, the bolts shall be inspected 
at that time.
    (b) Method of hammer testing. If staybolts are tested while the 
boiler contains water, the hydrostatic pressure must be not less than 95 
percent of the MAWP. The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall 
tap each bolt with a hammer and determine broken bolts from the sound or 
the vibration of the sheet. Whenever staybolts are tested while the 
boiler is not under pressure, such as during the 31 service day 
inspection, the staybolt test must be made with all the water drained 
from the boiler.

Sec. 230.41  Flexible staybolts with caps.

    (a) General. Flexible staybolts with caps shall have their caps 
removed during every 5th annual inspection for the purpose of inspecting 
the bolts for breakage, except as provided in paragraph (b) of this 
section.
    (b) Drilled flexible staybolts. For flexible staybolts that have 
telltale holes between \3/16\ inch and \7/32\ inch in diameter, and 
which extend the entire length of the bolt and into the head not less 
than one third of the diameter of the head, the steam locomotive owner 
and/or operator need not remove the staybolt caps if it can be 
established, by an electrical or other suitable method, that the 
telltale holes are open their entire length. Any leakage from these 
telltale holes during the hydrostatic test indicates that the bolt is 
broken and must be replaced. Before the steam locomotive is placed in 
service, the inner ends of all telltale holes shall be closed with a 
fireproof porous material that will keep the telltale holes free of 
foreign matter and permit steam or water to exit the telltale hole when 
the bolt is broken or fractured.
    (c) Recordkeeping. The removal of flexible staybolt caps and other 
tests

[[Page 345]]

shall be reported on FRA Form No. 3. (See appendix B of this part.)
    (d) Testing at request of FRA inspector. Staybolt caps also shall be 
removed, or any of the tests in this section made, whenever the FRA 
inspector or the steam locomotive owner and/or operator considers it 
necessary due to identifiable safety concerns about the condition of 
staybolts, staybolt caps or staybolt sleeves.

                              Steam Gauges

Sec. 230.42  Location of gauges.

    Every boiler shall have at least one steam gauge which will 
correctly indicate the working pressure. The gauge shall be positioned 
so that it will be kept reasonably cool and can conveniently be read by 
the engine crew.

Sec. 230.43  Gauge siphon.

    The steam gauge supply pipe shall have a siphon on it of ample 
capacity to prevent steam from entering the gauge. The supply pipe shall 
directly enter the boiler and be maintained steam tight. The supply pipe 
and its connections shall be cleaned each time the gauge is tested.

Sec. 230.44  Time of testing.

    Steam gauges shall be tested prior to being installed or being 
reapplied, during the 92 service day inspection, and whenever any 
irregularity is reported.

Sec. 230.45  Method of testing.

    Steam gauges shall be compared with an accurate test gauge or dead 
weight tester. While under test load at the MAWP of the boiler to which 
the gauge will be applied, the gauge shall be set to read that pressure 
as accurately as the physical limitations of the gauge will allow. Under 
test the gauge shall read within the manufacturer's tolerance at all 
points on the gauge up to 25 percent above the allowed pressure. If the 
manufacturer's tolerance is not known, the gauge must read within 2 
percent full scale accuracy at all points on the gauge up to 25 percent 
above allowed pressure.

Sec. 230.46  Badge plates.

    A metal badge plate showing the allowed steam pressure shall be 
attached to the boiler backhead in the cab. If boiler backhead is 
lagged, the lagging and jacket shall be cut away so that the plate can 
be seen.

Sec. 230.47  Boiler number.

    (a) Generally. The builder's number of the boiler, if known, shall 
be stamped on the steam dome or manhole flange. If the builder's number 
cannot be obtained, an assigned number, which shall be used in making 
out specification cards, shall be stamped on the steam dome or manhole 
flange.
    (b) Numbers after January 10, 1912. Numbers which are stamped after 
January 10, 1912 shall be located on the front side of the steam dome or 
manhole flange at the upper edge of the vertical surface, oriented in a 
horizontal manner, and have figures at least \3/8\ inch high.
    (c) Name of manufacturer or owner. The number shall be preceded by 
the name of the manufacturer if the original number is known or the name 
of the steam locomotive owner if a new number is assigned.

                          Safety Relief Valves

Sec. 230.48  Number and capacity.

    (a) Number and capacity. Every boiler shall be equipped with at 
least two safety relief valves, suitable for the service intended, that 
are capable of preventing an accumulation of pressure greater than 6 
percent above the MAWP under any conditions of service. An FRA inspector 
may require verification of sufficient safety valve relieving capacity.
    (b) Determination of capacity. Safety relief valve capacity may be 
determined by making an accumulation test with the fire in good, bright 
condition and all steam outlets closed. Additional safety relief valve 
capacity shall be provided if the safety relief valves allow an excess 
pressure of more than 6 percent above the MAWP during this test.

Sec. 230.49  Setting of safety relief valves.

    (a) Qualifications of individual who adjusts. Safety relief valves 
shall be set and adjusted by a competent person who is thoroughly 
familiar with the

[[Page 346]]

construction and operation of the valve being set.
    (b) Opening pressures. At least one safety relief valve shall be set 
to open at a pressure not exceeding the MAWP. Safety relief valves shall 
be set to open at pressures not exceeding 6 psi above the MAWP.
    (c) Setting procedures. When setting safety relief valves, two steam 
gauges shall be used, one of which must be so located that it will be in 
full view of the persons engaged in setting such valves; and if the 
pressure indicated by the gauges varies more than 3 psi they shall be 
removed from the boiler, tested, and corrected before the safety relief 
valves are set. Gauges shall in all cases be tested immediately before 
the safety relief valves are set or any change made in the setting. When 
setting safety relief valves, the water level shall not be higher than 
\3/4\ of the length of the visible water glass, as measured from the 
bottom of the glass.
    (d) Labeling of lowest set pressure. The set pressure of the lowest 
safety relief valve shall be indicated on a tag or label attached to the 
steam gauge so that it may be clearly read while observing the steam 
gauge.

Sec. 230.50  Time of testing.

    All safety relief valves shall be tested, and adjusted if necessary, 
under steam at every 92 service day inspection, and also whenever any 
irregularity is reported.

                      Water Glasses and Gauge Cocks

Sec. 230.51  Number and location.

    Every boiler shall be equipped with at least two water glasses. The 
lowest reading of the water glasses shall not be less than 3 inches 
above the highest part of the crown sheet. If gauge cocks are used, the 
reading of the lowest gauge cock shall not be less than 3 inches above 
the highest part of the crown sheet.

Sec. 230.52  Water glass valves.

    All water glasses shall be equipped with no more than two valves 
capable of isolating the water glass from the boiler. They shall also be 
equipped with a drain valve capable of evacuating the glass when it is 
so isolated.

Sec. 230.53  Time of cleaning.

    The spindles of all water glass valves and of all gauge cocks shall 
be removed and valves and cocks thoroughly cleaned of scale and sediment 
at every 31 service day inspection, and when testing indicates that the 
apparatus may be malfunctioning. In addition, the top and bottom 
passages of the water column shall be cleaned and inspected at each 
annual inspection.

Sec. 230.54  Testing and maintenance.

    (a) Testing. All water glasses must be blown out, all gauge cocks 
must be tested, and all passages verified to be open at the beginning of 
each day the locomotive is used, and as often as necessary to ensure 
proper functioning.
    (b) Maintenance. Gauge cocks, water column drain valves, and water 
glass valves must be maintained in such condition that they can easily 
be opened and closed by hand, without the aid of a wrench or other tool.

Sec. 230.55  Tubular type water and lubricator glasses and shields.

    (a) Water glasses. Tubular type water glasses shall be renewed at 
each 92 service day inspection.
    (b) Shields. All tubular water glasses and lubricator glasses must 
be equipped with a safe and suitable shield which will prevent the glass 
from flying in case of breakage. This shield shall be properly 
maintained.
    (c) Location and maintenance. Water glasses and water glass shields 
shall be so located, constructed, and maintained that the engine crew 
can at all times have an unobstructed view of the water in the glass 
from their proper positions in the cab.

Sec. 230.56  Water glass lamps.

    All water glasses must be supplied with a suitable lamp properly 
located to enable the engine crew to easily see the water in the glass.

               Injectors, Feedwater Pumps, and Flue Plugs

Sec. 230.57  Injectors and feedwater pumps.

    (a) Water delivery systems required. Each steam locomotive must be

[[Page 347]]

equipped with at least two means of delivering water to the boiler, at 
least one of which is a live steam injector.
    (b) Maintenance and testing. Injectors and feedwater pumps must be 
kept in good condition, free from scale, and must be tested at the 
beginning of each day the locomotive is used, and as often as conditions 
require, to ensure that they are delivering water to the boiler. Boiler 
checks, delivery pipes, feed water pipes, tank hose and tank valves must 
be kept in good condition, free from leaks and from foreign substances 
that would obstruct the flow of water.
    (c) Bracing. Injectors, feedwater pumps, and all associated piping 
shall be securely braced so as to minimize vibration.

Sec. 230.58  Flue plugs.

    (a) When plugging is permitted. Flues greater than 2\1/4\ inches in 
outside diameter (OD) shall not be plugged. Flues 2\1/4\ inches in 
outside diameter (OD) or smaller may be plugged following failure, 
provided only one flue is plugged at any one time. Plugs must be removed 
and proper repairs made no later than 30 days from the time the plug is 
applied.
    (b) Method of plugging. When used, flue plugs must be made of steel. 
The flue must be plugged at both ends. Plugs must be tied together by 
means of a steel rod not less than \5/8\ inch in diameter.

                              Fusible Plugs

Sec. 230.59  Fusible plugs.

    If boilers are equipped with fusible plugs, the plugs shall be 
removed and cleaned of scale each time the boiler is washed but not less 
frequently than during every 31 service day inspection. Their removal 
shall be noted on the FRA Form No. 1 or FRA Form No. 3. (See appendix B 
of this part.)

                             Washing Boilers

Sec. 230.60  Time of washing.

    (a) Frequency of washing. All boilers shall thoroughly be washed as 
often as the water conditions require, but not less frequently than at 
each 31 service day inspection. The date of the boiler wash shall be 
noted on the FRA Form No. 1 or FRA Form No. 3. (See appendix B of this 
part.)
    (b) Plug removal. All washout plugs, arch tube plugs, thermic siphon 
plugs, circulator plugs and water bar plugs must be removed whenever 
locomotive boilers are washed.
    (c) Plug maintenance. All washout plugs, washout plug sleeves and 
threaded openings shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition 
for service and shall be examined for defects each time the plugs are 
removed.
    (d) Fusible plugs cleaned. Fusible plugs shall be cleaned in 
accordance with Sec. 230.59.

Sec. 230.61  Arch tubes, water bar tubes, circulators and thermic 
          siphons.

    (a) Frequency of cleaning. Each time the boiler is washed, arch 
tubes and water bar tubes shall thoroughly be cleaned mechanically, 
washed, and inspected. Circulators and thermic siphons shall thoroughly 
be cleaned, washed and inspected.
    (b) Defects. Arch tubes and water bar tubes found blistered, bulged, 
or otherwise defective shall be renewed. Circulators and thermic siphons 
found blistered, bulged or otherwise defective shall be either repaired 
or renewed.
    (c) Method of examination. Arch tubes, water bar tubes and 
circulators shall be examined using an appropriate NDE method that 
accurately measures wall thickness at each annual inspection. All arch 
brick shall be removed for this inspection. If any are found with wall 
thickness reduced below that required to render them safe and suitable 
for the service intended at the MAWP specified on the boiler 
specification FRA Form No. 4, they must be replaced or repaired. (See 
appendix B of this part.)

                               Steam Pipes

Sec. 230.62  Dry pipe.

    Dry pipes subject to pressure shall be examined at each annual 
inspection to measure wall thickness. Dry pipes with wall thickness 
reduced below that required to render the pipe suitable for the service 
intended at the MAWP must be replaced or repaired.

[[Page 348]]

Sec. 230.63  Smoke box, steam pipes and pressure parts.

    The smoke box, steam pipes and pressure parts shall be inspected at 
each annual inspection, or any other time that conditions warrant. The 
individual conducting the inspection must enter the smoke box to conduct 
the inspection, looking for signs of leaks from any of the pressure 
parts therein and examining all draft appliances.

                               Steam Leaks

Sec. 230.64  Leaks under lagging.

    The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall take out of service 
at once any boiler that has developed a leak under the lagging due to a 
crack in the shell, or to any other condition which may reduce safety. 
Pursuant to Sec. 230.29, the boiler must be repaired before being 
returned to service.

Sec. 230.65  Steam blocking view of engine crew.

    The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall keep the boiler, 
and its piping and appurtenances, in such repair that they do not emit 
steam in a manner that obscures the engine crew's vision.

                Subpart C--Steam Locomotives and Tenders

Sec. 230.66  Design, construction, and maintenance.

    The steam locomotive owner and operator are responsible for the 
general design, construction and maintenance of the steam locomotives 
and tenders under their control.

Sec. 230.67  Responsibility for inspection and repairs.

    The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall inspect and repair 
all steam locomotives and tenders under their control. All defects 
disclosed by any inspection shall be repaired in accordance with 
accepted industry standards, which may include established railroad 
practices, before the steam locomotive or tender is returned to service. 
The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall not return the steam 
locomotive or tender to service unless they are in good condition and 
safe and suitable for service.

                            Speed Indicators

Sec. 230.68  Speed indicators.

    Steam locomotives that operate at speeds in excess of 20 miles per 
hour over the general system of railroad transportation shall be 
equipped with speed indicators. Where equipped, speed indicators shall 
be maintained to ensure accurate functioning.

                                Ash Pans

Sec. 230.69  Ash pans.

    Ash pans shall be securely supported from mud-rings or frames with 
no part less than 2\1/2\ inches above the rail. Their operating 
mechanism shall be so arranged that they may be safely operated and 
securely closed.

                       Brake and Signal Equipment

Sec. 230.70  Safe condition.

    (a) Pre-departure inspection. At the beginning of each day the 
locomotive is used, the steam locomotive operator shall ensure that:
    (1) The brakes on the steam locomotive and tender are in safe and 
suitable condition for service;
    (2) The air compressor or compressors are in condition to provide an 
ample supply of air for the locomotive service intended;
    (3) The devices for regulating all pressures are properly performing 
their functions;
    (4) The brake valves work properly in all positions; and
    (5) The water has been drained from the air-brake system.
    (b) Brake pipe valve required. Each steam locomotive shall have a 
brake pipe valve attached to the front of the tender, the rear of the 
back cab wall, or adjacent to the exit of a vestibuled cab. The words 
``Emergency Brake Valve'' shall be clearly displayed near the valve.

Sec. 230.71  Orifice testing of compressors.

    (a) Frequency of testing. The compressor or compressors shall be 
tested for capacity by orifice test as often as conditions may require, 
but not less

[[Page 349]]

frequently than once every 92 service days.
    (b) Orifice testing criteria. (1) Compressors in common use, as 
listed in the following table, shall have orifice test criteria as 
follows:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                                    Diameter of    Air pressure
                 Make                        Compressor size      Single strokes   orifice  (in     maintained
                                                                    per minute        inches)       (in pounds)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Westinghouse..........................  9\1/2\..................             120         \11/64\              60
Westinghouse..........................  11......................             100          \3/16\              60
Westinghouse..........................  150 CFM 8\1/2\ CC.......             100          \9/32\              60
Westinghouse..........................  120 CFM 8\1/2\..........             100         \15/64\              60
New York..............................  2a......................             120          \5/32\              60
New York..............................  6a......................             100         \13/64\              60
New York..............................  5b......................             100         \15/64\              60
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note: This table shall be used for altitudes to and including 1,000 feet. For altitudes over 1,000 feet the
  speed of compressor may be increased 5 single strokes per minute for each 1,000 feet increase in altitude.

    (2) For compressors not listed in the table in paragraph (b)(1) of 
this section, the air pressure to be maintained shall be no less than 80 
percent of the manufacturer's rated capacity for the compressor.

Sec. 230.72  Testing main reservoirs.

    (a) Hammer and hydrostatic testing. Except as described in 
paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section, every main reservoir, except 
those cast integrally with the frame, shall be hammer and 
hydrostatically tested during each annual inspection. The reservoir 
shall be hammer tested while empty and with no pressure applied. If no 
defective areas are detected, a hydrostatic test of MAWP shall be 
applied.
    (b) Drilling of main reservoirs. (1) Only welded main reservoir 
originally constructed to withstand at least five times the MAWP may be 
drilled over its entire surface with telltale holes that are \3/16\ of 
an inch in diameter. The holes shall be spaced not more than 12 inches 
apart, measured both longitudinally and circumferentially, and drilled 
from the outer surface to an extreme depth determined by the following 
formula:

D=(.6PR/(S-.6P))

Where:

D = Extreme depth of telltale holes in inches but in no case less than 
one-sixteenth inch;
P = certified working pressure in psi;
S = \1/5\ of the minimum specified tensile strength of the material in 
psi; and
R = inside radius of the reservoir in inches.

    (2) One row of holes shall be drilled lengthwise of the reservoir on 
a line intersecting the drain opening. When main reservoirs are drilled 
as described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the hydrostatic and 
hammer tests described in paragraph (a) of this section are not required 
during the annual inspection. Whenever any telltale hole shall have 
penetrated the interior of any reservoir, the reservoir shall be 
permanently withdrawn from service.
    (c) Welded main reservoirs without longitudinal lap seams. For 
welded main reservoirs that do not have longitudinal lap seams, an 
appropriate NDE method that can measure the wall thickness of the 
reservoir may be used instead of the hammer test and hydrostatic test 
required in paragraph (a) of this section. The spacing of the sampling 
points for wall thickness shall not be greater than 12 inches 
longitudinally and circumferentially. The reservoir shall permanently be 
withdrawn from service where the NDE testing reveals wall thickness less 
than the value determined by the following formula:

t=(PR/(S-.6P)

Where:

t = Minimum value for wall thickness;
P = Certified working pressure in psi;
S = \1/5\ of the minimum specified tensile strength of the material in 
psi, or 10,000 psi if the tensile strength is unknown; and
R = Inside radius of the reservoir in inches.

    (d) Welded or riveted longitudinal lap seam main reservoirs. (1) For 
welded or riveted longitudinal lap seam main reservoirs, an appropriate 
NDE method that can measure wall thickness of the reservoir shall be 
used instead of, or in

[[Page 350]]

addition to, the hammer test and hydrostatic test. The spacing of the 
sampling points for wall thickness shall not be greater than 12 inches 
longitudinally and circumferentially. Particular care shall be taken to 
measure along the longitudinal seam on both plates at an interval of no 
more than 6 inches longitudinally. The reservoir shall be withdrawn 
permanently from service where NDE testing reveals wall thickness less 
than the value determined by the following formula:

t=(PR/(0.5S-0.6P))

Where:

t = Minimum value for wall thickness;
P = Certified working pressure in psi;
S = \1/5\ of the minimum specified tensile strength of the material in 
psi, or 10,000 psi if the tensile strength of steel is unknown; and
R = Inside radius of the reservoir in inches.

    (2) Repairs of reservoirs with reduced wall thickness are 
prohibited.

Sec. 230.73  Air gauges.

    (a) Location. Air gauges shall be so located that they may be 
conveniently read by the engineer from his or her usual position in the 
cab. No air gauge may be more than 3 psi in error.
    (b) Frequency of testing. Air gauges shall be tested prior to 
reapplication following removal, as well as during the 92 service day 
inspection and whenever any irregularity is reported.
    (c) Method of testing. Air gauges shall be tested using an accurate 
test gauge or dead weight tester designed for this purpose.

Sec. 230.74  Time of cleaning.

    All valves in the air brake system, including related dirt 
collectors and filters, shall be cleaned and tested in accordance with 
accepted brake equipment manufacturer's specifications, or as often as 
conditions require to maintain them in a safe and suitable condition for 
service, but not less frequently than after 368 service days or during 
the second annual inspection, whichever occurs first.

Sec. 230.75  Stenciling dates of tests and cleaning.

    The date of testing and cleaning and the initials of the shop or 
station at which the work is done, shall legibly be stenciled in a 
conspicuous place on the tested parts or placed on a card displayed 
under a transparent cover in the cab of the steam locomotive.

Sec. 230.76  Piston travel.

    (a) Minimum piston travel. The minimum piston travel shall be 
sufficient to provide proper brake shoe clearance when the brakes are 
released.
    (b) Maximum piston travel. The maximum piston travel when steam 
locomotive is standing shall be as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               Maximum
                                                                piston
                     Type of wheel brake                      travel (in
                                                               inches)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cam Type Driving Wheel Brake...............................       3\1/2\
Other forms of Driving Wheel Brake.........................            6
Engine Truck Brake.........................................            8
Tender Brake...............................................            9
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 230.77  Foundation brake gear.

    (a) Maintenance. Foundation brake gear shall be maintained in a safe 
and suitable condition for service. Levers, rods, brake beams, hangers, 
and pins shall be of ample strength, and shall not be fouled in any way 
which will affect the proper operation of the brake. All pins shall be 
properly secured in place with cotter pine, split keys, or nuts. Brake 
shoes must be properly applied and kept approximately in line with the 
tread of the wheel.
    (b) Distance above the rails. No part of the foundation brake gear 
of the steam locomotive or tender shall be less than 2\1/2\ inches above 
the rails.

Sec. 230.78  Leakage.

    (a) Main reservoirs and related piping. Leakage from main reservoir 
and related piping shall be tested at every 92 service day inspection 
and shall not exceed an average of 3 psi per minute in a test of 3 
minutes duration that is made after the pressure has been reduced to 60 
percent of the maximum operating pressure.
    (b) Brake cylinders. Leakage from brake cylinders shall be tested at 
every 92 service day inspection. With a full service application from 
maximum brake pipe pressure, and with communication to the brake 
cylinders closed, the brakes on the steam locomotive and tender must 
remain applied for a minimum of 5 minutes.

[[Page 351]]

    (c) Brake pipes. Steam locomotive brake pipe leakage shall be tested 
at the beginning of each day the locomotive is used, and shall not 
exceed 5 psi per minute.

Sec. 230.79  Train signal system.

    Where utilized, the train signal system, or any other form of on-
board communication, shall be tested and known to be in safe and 
suitable condition for service at the beginning of each day the 
locomotive is used.

                Cabs, Warning Signals, Sanders and Lights

Sec. 230.80  Cabs.

    (a) General provisions. Cabs shall be securely attached or braced 
and maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. Cab windows 
of steam locomotives shall provide an undistorted view of the track and 
signals for the crew from their normal position in the cab. Cab floors 
shall be kept free of tripping or slipping hazards. The cab climate 
shall be maintained to provide an environment that does not unreasonably 
interfere with the engine crew's performance of their duties under 
ordinary conditions of service.
    (b) Steam pipes. Steam pipes shall not be fastened to the cab. New 
construction or renewals made of iron or steel pipe greater than \1/8\ 
inch NPS that are subject to boiler pressure in cabs shall have a 
minimum wall thickness equivalent to schedule 80 pipe, with properly 
rated valves and fittings. Live steam heating radiators must not be 
fastened to the cab. Exhaust steam radiators may be fastened to the cab.
    (c) Oil-burning steam locomotives. If the cab is enclosed, oil 
burning steam locomotives that take air for combustion through the fire-
door opening shall have a suitable conduit extending from the fire-door 
to the outside of the cab.

Sec. 230.81  Cab aprons.

    (a) General provisions. Cab aprons shall be of proper length and 
width to ensure safety. Cab aprons shall be securely hinged, maintained 
in a safe and suitable condition for service, and roughened, or other 
provision made, to afford secure footing.
    (b) Width of apron. The cab apron shall be of a sufficient width to 
prevent, when the drawbar is disconnected and the safety chains or the 
safety bars are taut, the apron from dropping between the steam 
locomotive and tender.

Sec. 230.82  Fire doors.

    (a) General provisions. Each steam locomotive shall have a fire door 
which shall latch securely when closed and which shall be maintained in 
a safe and suitable condition for service. Fire doors on all oil-burning 
locomotives shall be latched securely with a pin or key.
    (b) Mechanically operated fire doors. Mechanically operated fire 
doors shall be so constructed and maintained that they may be operated 
by pressure of the foot on a pedal, or other suitable appliance, located 
on the floor of the cab or tender at a suitable distance from the fire 
door, so that they may be conveniently operated by the person firing the 
steam locomotive.
    (c) Hand-operated doors. Hand operated fire doors shall be so 
constructed and maintained that they may be conveniently operated by the 
person firing the steam locomotive.

Sec. 230.83  Cylinder cocks.

    Each steam locomotive shall be equipped with cylinder cocks which 
can be operated from the cab of the steam locomotive. All cylinder cocks 
shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service.

Sec. 230.84  Sanders.

    Steam locomotives shall be equipped with operable sanders that 
deposit sand on the rail head in front of a set of driving wheels. 
Sanders shall be tested at the beginning of each day the locomotive is 
used.

Sec. 230.85  Audible warning device.

    (a) General provisions. Each steam locomotive shall be equipped with 
an audible warning device that produces a minimum sound level of 96db(A) 
at 100 feet in front of the steam locomotive in its direction of travel. 
The device shall be arranged so that it may conveniently be operated by 
the engineer from his or her normal position in the cab.

[[Page 352]]

    (b) Method of measurement. Measurement of the sound level shall be 
made using a sound level meter conforming, at a minimum, to the 
requirements of ANSI S1.4-1971, Type 2, and set to an A-weighted slow 
response. While the steam locomotive is on level, tangent track, the 
microphone shall be positioned 4 feet above the ground at the center 
line of the track and shall be oriented with respect to the sound source 
in accordance with the microphone manufacturer's recommendations.

Sec. 230.86  Required illumination.

    (a) General provisions. Each steam locomotive used between sunset 
and sunrise shall be equipped with an operable headlight that provides 
illumination sufficient for a steam locomotive engineer in the cab to 
see, in a clear atmosphere, a dark object as large as a man of average 
size standing at least 800 feet ahead and in front of such headlight. If 
a steam locomotive is regularly required to run backward for any portion 
of its trip other than to pick up a detached portion of its train or to 
make terminal movements, it shall also be equipped on its rear end with 
an operable headlight that is capable of providing the illumination 
described in this paragraph (a).
    (b) Dimming device. Such headlights shall be provided with a device 
whereby the light from same may be diminished in yards and at stations 
or when meeting trains.
    (c) Where multiple locomotives utilized. When two or more 
locomotives are used in the same train, the leading locomotive only will 
be required to display a headlight.

Sec. 230.87  Cab lights.

    Each steam locomotive shall have cab lights that sufficiently 
illuminate the control instruments, meters and gauges to allow the 
engine crew to make accurate readings from their usual and proper 
positions in the cab. These lights shall be so located and constructed 
that the light will shine only on those parts requiring illumination and 
does not interfere with the engine crew's vision of the track and 
signals. Each steam locomotive shall also have a conveniently located 
additional lamp that can be readily turned on and off by the persons 
operating the steam locomotive and that provides sufficient illumination 
to read train orders and timetables.

                      Throttles and Reversing Gear

Sec. 230.88  Throttles.

    Throttles shall be maintained in safe and suitable condition for 
service, and efficient means shall be provided to hold the throttle 
lever in any desired position.

Sec. 230.89  Reverse gear.

    (a) General provisions. Reverse gear, reverse levers, and quadrants 
shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. 
Reverse lever latch shall be so arranged that it can be easily 
disengaged, and provided with a spring which will keep it firmly seated 
in quadrant. Proper counterbalance shall be provided for the valve gear.
    (b) Air-operated power reverse gear. Steam locomotives that are 
equipped with air operated power reverse gear shall be equipped with a 
connection whereby such gear may be operated by steam or by an auxiliary 
supply of air in case of failure of the main reservoir air pressure. The 
operating valve handle for such connection shall be conveniently located 
in the cab of the locomotive and shall be plainly marked. If an 
independent air reservoir is used as the source of the auxiliary supply 
for the reverse gear, it shall be provided with means to automatically 
prevent loss of pressure in event of failure of the main reservoir air 
pressure.
    (c) Power reverse gear reservoirs. Power reverse gear reservoirs, if 
provided, must be equipped with the means to automatically prevent the 
loss of pressure in the event of a failure of main air pressure and have 
storage capacity for not less than one complete operating cycle of 
control equipment.

                       Draw Gear and Draft Systems

Sec. 230.90  Draw gear between steam locomotive and tender.

    (a) Maintenance and testing. The draw gear between the steam 
locomotive and tender, together with the pins and fastenings, shall be 
maintained in safe

[[Page 353]]

and suitable condition for service. The pins and drawbar shall be 
removed and tested for defects using an appropriate NDE method at every 
annual inspection. Where visual inspection does not disclose any 
defects, an additional NDE testing method shall be employed. Suitable 
means for securing the drawbar pins in place shall be provided. Inverted 
drawbar pins shall be held in place by plate or stirrup.
    (b) Safety bars and chains generally. One or more safety bar(s) or 
two or more safety chains shall be provided between the steam locomotive 
and tender. The combined strength of the safety chains or safety bar(s) 
and their fastenings shall be not less than 50 percent of the strength 
of the drawbar and its connections. These shall be maintained in safe 
and suitable condition for service, and inspected at the same time draw 
gear is inspected.
    (c) Minimum length of safety chains or bars. Safety chains or safety 
bar(s) shall be of the minimum length consistent with the curvature of 
the railroad on which the steam locomotive is operated.
    (d) Lost motion. Lost motion between steam locomotives and tenders 
not equipped with spring buffers shall be kept to a minimum and shall 
not exceed \1/2\ inch.
    (e) Spring buffers. When spring buffers are used between steam 
locomotives and tenders the spring shall be applied with not less than 
\3/4\ inch compression, and shall at all times be under sufficient 
compression to keep the chafing faces in contact.

Sec. 230.91  Chafing irons.

    Chafing irons that permit proper curving shall be securely attached 
to the steam locomotive and tender, and shall be maintained to permit 
lateral and vertical movement.

Sec. 230.92  Draw gear and draft systems.

    Couplers, draft gear and attachments on steam locomotives and 
tenders shall be securely fastened, and maintained in safe and suitable 
condition for service.

                              Driving Gear

Sec. 230.93  Pistons and piston rods.

    (a) Maintenance and testing. Pistons and piston rods shall be 
maintained in safe and suitable condition for service. Piston rods shall 
be inspected for cracks each time they are removed, and shall be renewed 
if found defective.
    (b) Fasteners. Fasteners (keys, nuts, etc.) shall be kept tight and 
shall have some means to prevent them from loosening or falling out of 
place.

Sec. 230.94  Crossheads.

    Crossheads shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for 
service, with not more than \1/4\ inch vertical or \5/16\ inch lateral 
clearance between crossheads and guides.

Sec. 230.95  Guides.

    Guides shall be securely fastened and maintained in a safe and 
suitable condition for service.

Sec. 230.96  Main, side, and valve motion rods.

    (a) General. Main, side or valve motion rods developing cracks or 
becoming otherwise defective shall be removed from service immediately 
and repaired or renewed.
    (b) Repairs. Repairs, and welding of main, side or valve motion rods 
shall be made in accordance with an accepted national standard. The 
steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall submit a written request 
for approval to the FRA Regional Administrator prior to welding 
defective main rods, side rods, and valve gear components.
    (c) Bearings and bushings. Bearings and bushings shall so fit the 
rods as to be in a safe and suitable condition for service, and means 
shall be provided to prevent bushings from turning in the rod. Straps 
shall fit and be securely bolted to rods. Floating bushings need not be 
provided with means to prevent bushings from turning.
    (d) Side motion of rods. The total amount of side motion of each rod 
on its crank pin shall not exceed \1/4\ inch.
    (e) Oil and grease cups. Oil and grease cups shall be securely 
attached to rods, and grease cup plugs shall be equipped

[[Page 354]]

with a suitable fastening that will prevent them from being ejected.
    (f) Main rod bearings. The bore of main rod bearings shall not 
exceed pin diameters more than \3/32\ inch at front or back end. The 
total lost motion at both ends shall not exceed \5/32\ inch.
    (g) Side rod bearings. The bore of side rod bearings shall not 
exceed pin diameters more than \5/32\ inch on main pin nor more than \3/
16\ inch on other pins.

Sec. 230.97  Crank pins.

    (a) General provisions. Crank pins shall be securely applied. 
Securing the fit of a loose crank pin by shimming, prick punching, or 
welding is not permitted.
    (b) Maintenance. Crank pin collars and collar fasteners shall be 
maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service.

                              Running Gear

Sec. 230.98  Driving, trailing, and engine truck axles.

    (a) Condemning defects. Driving, trailing, and engine truck axles 
with any of the following defects shall be removed from service 
immediately and repaired (see appendix A of this part for inspection 
requirements):
    (1) Bent axle;
    (2) Cut journals that cannot be made to run cool without turning;
    (3) Transverse seams in iron or steel axles;
    (4) Seams in axles causing journals to run hot;
    (5) Axles that are unsafe on account of usage, accident or 
derailment;
    (6) Any axle worn \1/2\ inch or more in diameter below the original/
new journal diameter, except as provided in paragraph (a)(7) of this 
section;
    (7) Any driving axles other than main driving axles with an original 
or new diameter greater than 6 inches that are worn \3/4\ inch or more 
in diameter below the original/new diameter.
    (b) Journal diameter stamped. For steam locomotives with plain 
bearings, the original/new journal diameter shall be stamped on one end 
of the axle no later than January 18, 2005.

Sec. 230.99  Tender truck axles.

    The minimum diameters of axles for various axle loads shall be as 
follows:

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                      Minimum         Minimum         Minimum
                                                                    diameter of     diameter of     diameter of
                      Axle load (in pounds)                        journal  (in     wheel seat      center  (in
                                                                      inches)       (in inches)       inches)
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
50000...........................................................          5\1/2\          7\3/8\         6\7/16\
38000...........................................................               5          6\3/4\          5\7/8\
31000...........................................................          4\1/2\          6\1/4\         5\5/16\
22000...........................................................          3\3/4\               5          4\3/8\
15000...........................................................          3\1/4\          4\5/8\          3\7/8\
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Sec. 230.100  Defects in tender truck axles and journals.

    (a) Tender truck axle condemning defects. Tender truck axles with 
any of the following defects shall be removed from service immediately 
and repaired:
    (1) Axles that are bent;
    (2) Collars that are broken, cracked, or worn to \1/4\ inch or less 
in thickness;
    (3) Truck axles that are unsafe on account of usage, accident, or 
derailment;
    (4) A fillet in the back shoulder that is worn out; or
    (5) A gouge between the wheel seats that is more than \1/8\ of an 
inch in depth.
    (b) Tender truck journal condemning defects. Tender truck journals 
with any of the following defects shall be removed from service 
immediately and repaired :
    (1) Cut journals that cannot be made to run cool without turning;
    (2) Seams in axles causing journals to run hot;
    (3) Overheating, as evidenced by pronounced blue black 
discoloration;
    (4) Transverse seams in journals of iron or steel axles; or
    (5) Journal surfaces having any of the following:
    (i) A circumferential score;
    (ii) Corrugation;
    (iii) Pitting;

[[Page 355]]

    (iv) Rust;
    (v) Etching.

Sec. 230.101  Steam locomotive driving journal boxes.

    (a) Driving journal boxes. Driving journal boxes shall be maintained 
in a safe and suitable condition for service. Not more than one shim may 
be used between the box and bearing.
    (b) Broken bearings. Broken bearings shall be renewed.
    (c) Loose bearings. Loose bearings shall be repaired or renewed.

Sec. 230.102  Tender plain bearing journal boxes.

    Plain bearing journal boxes with the following defects shall be 
removed from service immediately and repaired:
    (a) A box that does not contain visible free oil;
    (b) A box lid that is missing, broken, or open except to receive 
servicing;
    (c) A box containing foreign matter, such as dirt, sand, or coal 
dust that can reasonably be expected to damage the bearing; or have a 
detrimental effect on the lubrication of the journal and bearing;
    (d) A lubricating pad that:
    (1) Is missing;
    (2) Is not in contact with the journal;
    (3) Has a tear extending half the length or width of the pad, or 
more, except by design;
    (4) Shows evidence of having been scorched, burned, or glazed;
    (5) Contains decaying or deteriorated fabric that impairs proper 
lubrication of the pad;
    (6) Has an exposed center core (except by design); or
    (7) Has metal parts contacting the journal;
    (e) A plain bearing that:
    (1) Is missing, cracked, broken;
    (2) Has a bearing liner loose;
    (3) Has a broken out piece; or
    (4) Has indications of having been overheated, as evidenced by:
    (i) Melted babbitt:
    (ii) Smoke from hot oil; or
    (iii) Journal surface damage; or
    (f) A plain bearing wedge that:
    (1) Is missing, cracked or broken; or
    (2) Is not located in its design position.

Sec. 230.103  Tender roller bearing journal boxes.

    Tender roller bearing journal boxes shall be maintained in a safe 
and suitable condition.

Sec. 230.104  Driving box shoes and wedges.

    Driving box shoes and wedges shall be maintained in a safe and 
suitable condition for service.

Sec. 230.105  Lateral motion.

    (a) Condemning limits. The total lateral motion or play between the 
hubs of the wheels and the boxes on any pair of wheels shall not exceed 
the following limits:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                                  Inches
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Engine truck wheels (with swing centers).......................        1
Engine truck wheels (with rigid centers).......................   1\1/2\
Trailing truck wheels..........................................        1
Driving wheels.................................................    \3/4\
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (b) Limits increased. These limits may be increased on steam 
locomotives operating on track where the curvature exceeds 20 degrees 
when it can be shown that conditions require additional lateral motion.
    (c) Non-interference with other parts. The lateral motion shall in 
all cases be kept within such limits that the driving wheels, rods, or 
crank pins will not interfere with other parts of the steam locomotive.

                  Trucks, Frames and Equalizing System

Sec. 230.106  Steam locomotive frame.

    (a) Maintenance and inspection. Frames, decks, plates, tailpieces, 
pedestals, and braces shall be maintained in a safe and suitable 
condition for service, and shall be cleaned and thoroughly inspected as 
often as necessary to maintain in a safe and suitable condition for 
service with cleaning intervals, in any case, not to exceed every 1472 
service days.
    (b) Broken frames. Broken frames properly patched or secured by 
clamps or other suitable means which restores the rigidity of the frame 
are permitted.

[[Page 356]]

Sec. 230.107  Tender frame and body.

    (a) Maintenance. Tender frames shall be maintained in a safe and 
suitable condition for service.
    (b) Height difference. The difference in height between the deck on 
the tender and the cab floor or deck on the steam locomotive shall not 
exceed 1\1/2\ inches.
    (c) Gangway minimum width. The minimum width of the gangway between 
steam locomotive and tender, while standing on tangent track, shall be 
16 inches.
    (d) Tender frame condemning defects. A tender frame with any of the 
following defects shall be removed from service immediately and 
repaired:
    (1) Portions of the tender frame or body (except wheels) that have 
less than a 2\1/2\ inches clearance from the top of rail;
    (2) Tender center sill that is broken, cracked more than 6 inches, 
or permanently bent or buckled more than 2\1/2\ inches in any six foot 
length;
    (3) Tender coupler carrier that is broken or missing;
    (4) Tender center plate, any portion of which is missing or broken 
or that is not properly secured; or
    (5) Tender that has a broken side sill, crossbearer, or body 
bolster.

Sec. 230.108  Steam locomotive leading and trailing trucks.

    (a) Maintenance. Trucks shall be maintained in safe and suitable 
condition for service. Center plates shall fit properly, and the male 
center plate shall extend into the female center plate not less than \3/
4\ inch. All centering devices shall be properly maintained and shall 
not permit lost motion in excess of \1/2\ inch.
    (b) Safety chain required. A suitable safety chain shall be provided 
at each front corner of all four wheel engine trucks.
    (c) Clearance required. All parts of trucks shall have sufficient 
clearance to prevent them from interfering with any other part of the 
steam locomotive.

Sec. 230.109  Tender trucks.

    (a) Tender truck frames. A tender truck frame shall not be broken, 
or have a crack in a stress area that affects its structural integrity. 
Tender truck center plates shall be securely fastened, maintained in a 
safe and suitable condition for service, and provided with a center pin 
properly secured. The male center plate must extend into the female 
center plate at least \3/4\ inch. Shims may be used between truck center 
plates.
    (b) Tender truck bolsters. Truck bolsters shall be maintained 
approximately level.
    (c) Condemning defects for springs or spring rigging. Springs or 
spring rigging with any of the following defects shall be taken out of 
service immediately and renewed or properly repaired:
    (1) An elliptical spring with its top (long) leaf or any other five 
leaves in the entire spring pack broken;
    (2) A broken coil spring or saddle;
    (3) A coil spring that is fully compressed;
    (4) A broken or cracked equalizer, hanger, bolt, gib or pin;
    (5) A broken coil spring saddle; and
    (6) A semi-elliptical spring with a top (long) leaf broken or two 
leaves in the top half broken, or any three leaves in the entire spring 
broken.
    (d) Tender securing arrangement. Where equipped, tender devices and/
or securing arrangements intended to prevent the truck and tender body 
from separating in case of derailment shall be maintained in a safe and 
suitable condition for service.
    (e) Side bearings and truck centering devices. Where equipped, side 
bearings and truck centering devices shall be maintained in a safe and 
suitable condition for service.
    (f) Friction side bearings. Friction side bearings shall not be run 
in contact, and shall not be considered to be in contact if there is 
clearance between them on either side when measured on tangent level 
track.
    (g) Side bearings. All rear trucks shall be equipped with side 
bearings. When the spread of side bearings is 50 inches, their maximum 
clearance shall be \3/8\ inch on each side for rear trucks and \3/4\ 
inch on each side for front trucks, where used. When the spread of the 
side bearings is increased, the maximum clearance shall be increased 
proportionately.

[[Page 357]]

Sec. 230.110  Pilots.

    (a) General provisions. Pilots shall be securely attached, properly 
braced, and maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service.
    (b) Minimum and maximum clearance. The minimum clearance of pilot 
above the rail shall be 3 inches and the maximum clearance shall be 6 
inches measured on tangent level track.

Sec. 230.111  Spring rigging.

    (a) Arrangement of springs and equalizers. Springs and equalizers 
shall be arranged to ensure the proper distribution of weight to the 
various wheels of the steam locomotive, maintained approximately level 
and in a safe and suitable condition for service. Adjusting weights by 
shifting weights from one pair of wheels to another is permissible.
    (b) Spring or spring rigging condemning defects. Springs or spring 
rigging with any of the following defects shall be removed from service 
immediately and renewed or properly repaired:
    (1) Top leaf broken or two leaves in top half or any three leaves in 
spring broken. (The long side of a spring to be considered the top.) 
Broken springs not exceeding these requirements may be repaired by 
applying clips providing the clips can be made to remain in place;
    (2) Any spring with leaves excessively shifting in the band;
    (3) Broken coil springs; or
    (4) Broken driving box saddle, equalizer, hanger, bolt, or pin.

                            Wheels and Tires

Sec. 230.112  Wheels and tires.

    (a) Mounting. Wheels shall be securely mounted on axles. Prick 
punching or shimming the wheel fit will not be permitted. The diameter 
of wheels on the same axle shall not vary more than \3/32\ inch.
    (b) Gage. Wheels used on standard gage track will be out of gage if 
the inside gage of flanges, measured on base line is less than 53 inches 
or more than 53\3/8\ inches. Wheels used on less than standard gage 
track will be out of gage if the inside gage of flanges, measured on 
base line, is less than the relevant track gage less 3\1/2\ inches or 
more than the relevant track gage less 3\1/8\ inches.
    (c) Flange distance variance. The distance back to back of flanges 
of wheels mounted on the same axle shall not vary more than \1/4\ inch.
    (d) Tire thickness. Wheels may not have tires with a minimum 
thickness less than that indicated in the table in this paragraph (d). 
When retaining rings are used, measurements of tires to be taken from 
the outside circumference of the ring, and the minimum thickness of 
tires may be as much below the limits specified earlier in this 
paragraph (d) as the tires extend between the retaining rings, provided 
it does not reduce the thickness of the tire to less than 1\1/8\ inches 
from the throat of flange to the counterbore for the retaining rings. 
The required minimum thickness for tires, by wheel center diameter and 
weight per axle, is as follows:

------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Weight per axle (weight on drivers                            Minimum
   divided by number of pairs of        Diameter of wheel     thickness
          driving wheels)                center (inches)       (inches)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
30,000 pounds and under............  44 and under..........       1\1/4\
                                     Over 44 to 50.........      1\5/16\
                                     Over 50 to 56.........       1\3/8\
                                     Over 56 to 62.........      1\7/16\
                                     Over 62 to 68.........       1\1/2\
                                     Over 68 to 74.........      1\9/16\
                                     Over 74...............       1\5/8\
Over 30,000 to 35,000 pounds.......  44 and under..........      1\5/16\
                                     Over 44 to 50.........       1\3/8\
                                     Over 50 to 56.........      1\7/16\
                                     Over 56 to 62.........       1\1/2\
                                     Over 62 to 68.........      1\9/16\
                                     Over 68 to 74.........       1\5/8\
                                     Over 74...............     1\11/16\
Over 35,000 to 40,000 pounds.......  44 and under..........       1\3/8\
                                     Over 44 to 50.........      1\7/16\
                                     Over 50 to 56.........       1\1/2\
                                     Over 56 to 62.........      1\9/16\

[[Page 358]]


                                     Over 62 to 68.........       1\5/8\
                                     Over 68 to 74.........     1\11/16\
                                     Over 74...............       1\3/4\
Over 40,000 to 45,000 pounds.......  44 and under..........      1\7/16\
                                     Over 44 to 50.........       1\1/2\
                                     Over 50 to 56.........      1\9/16\
                                     Over 56 to 62.........       1\5/8\
                                     Over 62 to 68.........     1\11/16\
                                     Over 68 to 74.........       1\3/4\
                                     Over 74...............     1\13/16\
Over 45,000 to 50,000 pounds.......  44 and under..........       1\1/2\
                                     Over 44 to 50.........      1\9/16\
                                     Over 50 to 56.........       1\5/8\
                                     Over 56 to 62.........     1\11/16\
                                     Over 62 to 68.........       1\3/4\
                                     Over 68 to 74.........     1\13/16\
                                     Over 74...............       1\7/8\
Over 50,000 to 55,000 pounds.......  44 and under..........      1\9/16\
                                     Over 44 to 50.........       1\5/8\
                                     Over 50 to 56.........     1\11/16\
                                     Over 56 to 62.........       1\3/4\
                                     Over 62 to 68.........     1\13/16\
                                     Over 68 to 74.........       1\7/8\
                                     Over 74...............     1\15/16\
Over 55,000 pounds.................  44 and under..........       1\5/8\
                                     Over 44 to 50.........     1\11/16\
                                     Over 50 to 56.........       1\3/4\
                                     Over 56 to 62.........     1\13/16\
                                     Over 62 to 68.........       1\7/8\
                                     Over 68 to 74.........     1\15/16\
                                     Over 74...............            2
------------------------------------------------------------------------

    (e) Tire width. Flanged tires shall be no less than 5\1/2\ inches 
wide for standard gage and no less than 5 inches wide for narrow gage. 
Plain tires shall be no less than 6 inches wide for standard gage and no 
less than 5\1/2\ inches wide for narrow gage.

Sec. 230.113  Wheels and tire defects.

    Steam locomotive and tender wheels or tires developing any of the 
defects listed in this section shall be removed from service immediately 
and repaired. Except as provided in Sec. 230.114, welding on wheels and 
tires is prohibited. A wheel that has been welded is a welded wheel for 
the life of the wheel.
    (a) Cracks or breaks. Wheels and tires may not have a crack or break 
in the flange, tread, rim, plate, hub or brackets.
    (b) Flat spots. Wheels and tires may not have a single flat spot 
that is 2\1/2\ inches or more in length, or two adjoining spots that are 
each two or more inches in length.
    (c) Chipped flange. Wheels and tires may not have a gouge or chip in 
the flange that is more than 1\1/2\ inches in length and \1/2\ inch in 
width.
    (d) Broken rims. Wheels and tires may not have a circumferentially 
broken rim if the tread, measured from the flange at a point \5/8\ inch 
above the tread, is less than 3\3/4\ inches in width.
    (e) Shelled-out spots. Wheels and tires may not have a shelled-out 
spot 2\1/2\ inches or more in length, or two adjoining spots that are 
each two or more inches in length, or so numerous as to endanger the 
safety of the wheel.
    (f) Seams. Wheels and tires may not have a seam running lengthwise 
that is within 3\3/4\ inches of the flange.
    (g) Worn flanges. Wheels and tires may not have a flange worn to a 
\15/16\ inch thickness or less, as measured at a point \3/8\ inch above 
the tread.
    (h) Worn treads. Wheels and tires may not have a tread worn hollow 
\5/16\ inch or more.
    (i) Flange height. Wheels and tires may not have a flange height of 
less than 1 inch nor more than 1\1/2\ inches, as measured from the tread 
to the top of the flange.

[[Page 359]]

    (j) Rim thickness. Wheels may not have rims less than 1 inch thick.
    (k) Wheel diameter. Wheels may not have wheel diameter variance, for 
wheels on the same axle or in the same driving wheel base, greater than 
\3/32\ inch, when all tires are turned or new tires applied to driving 
and trailing wheels. When a single tire is applied, the diameter must 
not vary more than \3/32\ inch from that of the opposite wheel on the 
same axle. When a single pair of tires is applied the diameter must be 
within \3/32\ inch of the average diameter of the wheels in the driving 
wheel base to which they are applied.

Sec. 230.114  Wheel centers.

    (a) Filling blocks and shims. Driving and trailing wheel centers 
with divided rims shall be properly fitted with iron or steel filling 
blocks before the tires are applied, and such filling blocks shall be 
properly maintained. When shims are inserted between the tire and the 
wheel center, not more than two thicknesses of shims may be used, one of 
which must extend entirely around the wheel. The shim which extends 
entirely around the wheel may be in three or four pieces, providing they 
do not lap.
    (b) Wheel center condemning defects. Wheel centers with any of the 
following defects shall be removed from service immediately and 
repaired:
    (1) Wheels centers loose on axle;
    (2) Broken or defective tire fastenings;
    (3) Broken or cracked hubs, plates, bolts or spokes, except as 
provided in paragraph (b)(4) of this section; or
    (4) Driving or trailing wheel center with three adjacent spokes or 
25 percent or more of the spokes in the wheel broken.
    (c) Wheel center repairs. Wheel centers may be repaired by welding 
or brazing provided that the defect can properly be so repaired and, 
following the repair, the crankpin and axle shall remain tight in the 
wheel. Banding of the hub is permitted.
    (d) Counterbalance maintenance. Wheel counterbalances shall be 
maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service.

                         Steam Locomotive Tanks

Sec. 230.115  Feed water tanks.

    (a) General provisions. Tanks shall be maintained free from leaks, 
and in safe and suitable condition for service. Suitable screens must be 
provided for tank wells or tank hose and shall be maintained in a manner 
that allows the unobstructed flow of water. Feed water tanks shall be 
equipped with a device that permits the measurement of the quantity of 
water in the tender feed water tank from the cab or tender deck of the 
steam locomotive. Such device shall be properly maintained.
    (b) Inspection frequency. As often as conditions warrant but not 
less frequently than every 92 service days, the interior of the tank 
shall be inspected, and cleaned if necessary.
    (c) Top of tender. Top of tender behind fuel space shall be kept 
clean, and means provided to carry off excess water. Suitable covers 
shall be provided for filling holes.

Sec. 230.116  Oil tanks.

    The oil tanks on oil burning steam locomotives shall be maintained 
free from leaks. The oil supply pipe shall be equipped with a safety 
cut-off device that:
    (a) Is located adjacent to the fuel supply tank or in another safe 
location;
    (b) Closes automatically when tripped and that can be reset without 
hazard; and
    (c) Can be hand operated from clearly marked locations, one inside 
the cab and one accessible from the ground on each exterior side of the 
steam locomotive.

             Appendix A to Part 230--Inspection Requirements

    The lists in this appendix are intended as guidance only. Adherence 
to this list does not relieve the steam locomotive owner and/or operator 
of responsibility for either: (1) Completing the inspection and 
maintenance requirements described in this part; or (2) ensuring that 
the steam locomotive, tender and its parts and appurtenances are safe 
and suitable for service.

               Daily Inspection Requirements; Sec. 230.13

    1. Observance of lifting pressure of the lowest safety valve.

[[Page 360]]

    2. Testing of water glasses and gauge cocks.*
    3. Inspection of tubular water glass shields.
    4. Inspection of all cab lamps.*
    5. Inspection of boiler feedwater delivery systems.*
    6. Inspection of lagging for indication of leaks.
    7. Inspection for leaks obstructing vision of engine crew.
    8. Observance of compressor(s) and governor to ascertain proper 
operation.*
    9. Inspection of brake and signal equipment.*
    10. Inspection of brake cylinders for piston travel.
    11. Inspection of foundation brake gear.
    12. Inspection of sanders.*
    13. Inspection of draw gear and chafing irons.
    14. Inspection of draft gear.
    15. Inspection of crossheads and guides.
    16. Inspection of piston rods and fasteners.
    17. Inspection of main, side, and valve motion rods.
    18. Inspection of headlights and classification lamps.*
    19. Inspection of running gear.
    20. Inspection of tender frames and tanks.
    21. Inspection of tender trucks for amount of side bearing 
clearance.

    Note: All items marked (*) should be checked at the beginning of 
each day the locomotive is used.

           31 Service Day Inspection Requirements; Sec. 230.14

    1. Washing of boiler.
    2. Cleaning and inspection of water glass valves and gauge cocks.
    3. Cleaning, washing and inspection of arch tubes, water bar tubes, 
circulators and siphons.
    4. Removal and inspection of all washout and water tube plugs.
    5. Testing of all staybolts.
    6. Removal, cleaning and inspection of fusible plugs (if any).

           92 Service Day Inspection Requirements; Sec. 230.15

    1. Removal and testing of all air and steam gauges.
    2. Cleaning of steam gauge siphon pipe.
    3. Renewal of tubular water glasses.
    4. Testing and adjusting of safety relief valves.
    5. Testing of main reservoir and brake cylinder leakage.
    6. Entering and inspection of tender tank interior.

               Annual Inspection Requirements; Sec. 230.16

    1. Testing of thickness of arch and water bar tubes (arch brick to 
be removed)
    2. Hydrostatic testing of boiler.
    3. Testing of all staybolts.
    4. Interior inspection of boiler.
    5. Thickness verification of dry pipes.
    6. Smoke box inspection.
    7. Main reservoir hammer or UT testing and hydrostatic testing (for 
non-welded and drilled main reservoirs)
    8. Removal and inspection of steam locomotive drawbar(s) and pins 
(NDE testing other than merely visual)
    9. Inspection of longitudinal lap joint boiler seams.

               5 Year Inspection Requirements; Sec. 230.16

    1. Inspection of flexible staybolt caps and sleeves.

          1472 Service Day Inspection Requirements; Sec. 230.17

    1. Removal of boiler flues (as necessary) and cleaning of boiler 
interior.
    2. Removal of jacket and lagging and inspection of boiler interior 
and exterior.
    3. Hydrostatic testing of boiler.
    4. Thickness verification (boiler survey) and recomputation and 
update of steam locomotive specification card, (FRA Form No. 4).

[[Page 361]]

              Appendix B to Part 230--Diagrams and Drawings
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             Appendix D to Part 230--Civil Penalty Schedule

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                               Willful
                   Section                      Violation     violation
------------------------------------------------------------------------
             Subpart A--General

230.11 Repair of non-complying conditions:
    (a) Failure to repair non-complying            $1,000        $2,500
     steam locomotive prior to use in
     service................................

[[Page 391]]


    (b) Failure of owner and/or operator to         1,000         1,500
     approve repairs made prior to use of
     steam locomotive.......................
230.12 Movement of non-complying steam              (\1\)         (\1\)
 locomotive:
230.13 Daily inspection:
    (a) (b):
        (1) Inspection overdue..............        1,500         3,000
        (2) Inspection not performed by             1,000         1,500
         qualified person...................
    (c) Inspection report not made,                 1,000         1,500
     improperly executed or not retained....
230.14 Thirty-one service day inspection:
    (a):
        (1) Inspection overdue..............        1,500         3,000
        (2) Inspection not performed by       ............  ............
         qualified person...................
    (b) Failure to notify FRA...............        1,000         1,500
    (c) Inspection report not made,                 1,000         1,500
     improperly executed, not properly filed
230.15 Ninety-two service day inspection:
    (a):
        (1) Inspection overdue..............        1,500         3,000
        (2) Inspection not performed by             1,000         1,500
         qualified person...................
    (b) Inspection report not made,                 1,000         1,500
     improperly executed, not properly filed
230.16 Annual inspection:
    (a):
        (1) Inspection overdue..............        1,500         3,000
        (2) Inspection not performed by             1,000         1,500
         qualified person...................
    (b) Failure to notify FRA...............        1,000         1,500
    (c) Inspection report not made,                 1,000         1,500
     improperly executed, not properly filed
230.17 One thousand four hundred seventy-two
 service day inspection:
    (a):
        (1) Inspection overdue..............        1,500         3,000
        (2) Inspection not performed by             1,250         2,000
         qualified person...................
    (b) Inspection report not made,                 1,000         1,500
     improperly executed, not properly
     maintained, not properly filed.........
230.18 Service days:
    (a) Service day record not available for        1,000         1,500
     inspection.............................
    (b) Failure to file service day report          1,000         1,500
     with FRA Regional Administrator........
    (c) Failure to complete all 1,472               1,500         3,000
     service day inspection items prior to
     returning retired steam locomotive to
     service................................
230.19 Posting of forms:
    (a) FRA Form No. 1:
        (1) FRA Form No. 1 not properly             1,000         1,500
         filled out.........................
        (2) FRA Form No. 1 not properly             1,000         1,500
         displayed..........................
    (b) FRA Form No. 3:
        (1) FRA Form No. 3 not properly             1,000         1,500
         filled out.........................
        (2) FRA Form No. 3 not properly             1,000         1,500
         displayed..........................
230.20 Alteration and repair reports:
    (a) Alterations:
        (1) Failure to properly file FRA            1,000         1,500
         Form No. 19 with FRA Regional
         Administrator......................
        (2) FRA Form No. 19 not properly            1,000         1,500
         filled out.........................
        (3) FRA Form No. 19 not properly            1,000         1,500
         maintained.........................
    (b) Repairs to unstayed portions of the
     boiler:
        (1) FRA Form No. 19 not properly            1,000         1,500
         filled out.........................
        (2) FRA Form No. 19 not properly            1,000         1,500
         maintained.........................
    (c) Repairs to stayed portions of the
     boiler:
        (1) FRA Form No. 19 not properly            1,000         1,500
         filled out.........................
        (2) FRA Form No. 19 not properly            1,000         1,500
         maintained.........................
230.21 Failure to properly document steam           1,000         1,500
 locomotive number Change...................

    Subpart B--Boilers and Appurtenances

230.22 Failure to properly report accident          1,500         2,500
 resulting from failure of steam locomotive
 boiler or part or appurtenance thereof.....
230.23 Responsibility for general
 construction and safe working pressure:
    (a) Failure to properly establish safe          5,000        10,000
     working pressure for steam locomotive
     boiler.................................
    (b) Placing steam locomotive in service         5,000        10,000
     before safe working pressure for boiler
     has been established...................
230.24 Maximum allowable stress values on
 boiler components:
    (a) Use of materials not of sufficient          1,000         2,000
     tensile strength.......................
    (b) Use of a safety factor value of less        2,000         4,000
     than 4 when using the code of original
     construction in boiler calculations....
230.25 Maximum allowable stresses on stays
 and braces:
    (a) Exceeding allowable stress values on        1,000         2,000
     fire box and/or combustion chamber.....
    (b) Exceeding allowable stress values on        1,000         2,000
     round, rectangular or gusset braces....
230.29 Inspection and repair:
    (a):
        (1) Failure of owner and/or operator        1,500         3,000
         to inspect and repair any steam
         locomotive boiler and/or
         appurtenance under control thereof.
        (2) Failure to remove steam                 2,500         5,000
         locomotive from service when
         considered necessary to do so......

[[Page 392]]


    (b):
        (1) Failure of perform repairs in           2,000         4,000
         accordance with accepted industry
         standards..........................
        (2) Owner and/or operator returning         2,000         4,000
         steam locomotive boiler and/or
         appurtenances to service before
         they are in good condition and safe
         and suitable for service...........
230.30 Lap-joint seam boilers, Failure to           2,000         4,000
 properly inspect...........................
230.31 Flues to be removed:
    (a):
        (1) Failure to remove all flues when        1,500         3,000
         inspecting boiler..................
        (2) Failure to enter boiler and             1,500         3,000
         clean and inspect..................
    (b) Failure to remove superheater flues         1,000         2,000
     when deemed necessary to do so.........
230.32 Time and method of inspection:
    (a) Failure to perform 1,472 service day        1,500         3,000
     inspection when required to do so......
    (b) Failure to properly inspect boiler          1,500         3,000
     during 1,472 service day inspection....
230.33 Welded repairs and alterations:
    (a) Failure to obtain permission before         1,500         3,000
     welding on unstayed portions of boiler
     containing alloy or carbon steel with
     carbon content over .25 percent carbon.
    (b) Failure to perform welding on               1,500         3,000
     unstayed portions of boiler containing
     carbon steel not exceeding .25 percent
     carbon in accordance with a nationally
     accepted standard for boiler repairs...
    (c):
        (1) Failure to submit written               1,500         3,000
         request for approval before
         performing weld buildup on wasted
         areas of unstayed boiler surfaces
         that exceed 100 square inches or
         the smaller of 25 percent of
         minimum required wall thickness or
         \1/2\ inch.........................
        (2) Repairing wasted sheets.........        1,500         3,000
230.34 Riveted repairs and alterations:
    (a) Failure to obtain approval before           1,500         3,000
     making riveted alterations on unstayed
     portions of the boiler; failure to do
     riveting in accordance with established
     railroad practices or accepted national
     standards for boiler repairs...........
    (b) Failure to perform riveted repairs          1,500         3,000
     on unstayed boiler portions in
     accordance with established railroad
     practices or accepted national
     standards for boiler repairs...........
    (c) Failure to perform riveted repairs          1,000         2,000
     on stayed boiler portions in accordance
     with established railroad practices or
     accepted national standards for boiler
     repairs................................
230.35 Failure to raise temperature of steam        1,000         2,000
 locomotive boiler to 70 degrees F. before
 applying hydrostatic pressure to the boiler
230.36 Hydrostatic testing of boilers:
    (a) Failure to perform hydrostatic test         1,500         3,000
     of boiler as required..................
    (b) Failure to properly perform                 1,500         3,000
     hydrostatic test.......................
    (c) Failure to properly inspect boiler          1,500         3,000
     after conducting hydrostatic test above
     MAWP...................................
230.37 Failure to perform proper steam test         1,000         2,000
 or inspection of boiler after completion of
 repair or alteration to boiler.............
230.38 Telltale holes:
    (a) Failure to have telltale holes as           1,000         2,000
     required in staybolts..................
    (b) Failure to have proper telltale             1,000         2,000
     holes in reduced body staybolts........
    (c) Failure to keep telltales holes when        1,000         2,000
     so required............................
230.39 Broken staybolts:
    (a) Boiler in service with excess number        1,500         3,000
     of broken staybolts....................
    (b) Failure to replace staybolts when           1,500         3,000
     required to do so; to properly replace
     staybolts when so required; to inspect
     adjacent staybolts when replacing
     broken staybolts.......................
    (c) Failure to count leaking, plugged,          1,500         3,000
     or missing telltale holes as broken
     staybolts..............................
    (d) Closing telltale holes by prohibited        1,500         3,000
     means..................................
230.40 Time and method of staybolt testing:
    (a) Failure to hammer test staybolts            1,000         2,000
     when so required.......................
    (b) Failure to properly hammer test             1,000         2,000
     staybolts..............................
230.41 Flexible staybolts with caps:
    (a) Failure to inspect flexible                 1,000         2,000
     staybolts as required..................
    (b) Failure to replace broken flexible          1,000         2,000
     staybolts; failure to close inner ends
     of telltale holes as required..........
    (c) Failure to report removal of                1,000         2,000
     flexible staybolts caps and other tests
     on FRA Form No. 3 when so required.....
    (d) Failure to remove staybolt caps or          1,000         2,000
     otherwise test when FRA inspector or
     steam locomotive owner and/or operator
     consider it necessary to do so.........
230.42 Failure to have accurate boiler steam        2,000         4,000
 gauge where engine crew can conveniently
 read.......................................
230.43 Failure to have gauge siphon of              1,000         2,000
 proper capacity on steam gauge supply pipe;
 failure to properly clean, maintain the
 steam gauge supply pipe....................
230.44 Failure to test steam gauge when so          1,000         2,000
 required...................................
230.45 Failure to properly test and/or set          1,000         2,000
 steam gauge................................
230.46 Failure to attach to boiler backhead         1,000         1,500
 metal badge plate showing allowable steam
 pressure...................................
230.47 Boiler Number:
    (a) (b) (c) Failure to stamp builder's          1,000         1,500
     number on boiler when number is known..
230.48 Number and capacity of safety relief
 valves:
    (a) Failure to equip steam locomotive           2,500         5,000
     boiler with proper safety relief valves
    (b) Failure to provide additional safety        3,000         6,000
     relief valve capacity when so required.
230.49 Setting of safety relief valves:

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    (a) Safety relief valve(s) set and/or           2,500         5,000
     adjusted by person not competent to do
     so.....................................
    (b) Safety relief valve(s) not set to           2,500         5,000
     open at prescribed pressure(s).........
    (c) Safety relief valve(s) not properly         3,000         6,000
     set....................................
    (d) Set pressure of lowest safety relief        1,000         2,000
     valve not properly indicated...........
230.50 Failure to test and adjust safety            1,500         3,000
 relief valves when required to do so.......
230.51 Failure to equip steam locomotive            1,000         2,000
 boiler with at least 2 properly installed
 water glasses..............................
230.52 Failure to properly equip water              2,000         4,000
 glasses....................................
230.53 Failure to properly clean water glass        1,000         2,000
 valves and/or gauge cocks when required to
 do so......................................
230.54 Testing and maintenance:
    (a) Failure to properly test water              1,000         2,000
     glasses and/or gauge cocks.............
    (b) Failure to properly maintain gauge          1,500         3,000
     cocks, water column drain valves, and/
     or water glass valves..................
230.55 Tubular type water and lubricator
 glasses and shields:
    (a) Failure to renew tubular type water         1,000         2,000
     glasses as required....................
    (b) Failure to properly shield tubular          1,000         2,000
     water glasses and/or lubricator glasses
    (c) Failure to properly locate and/or           1,000         2,000
     maintain water glasses and/or water
     glass shields..........................
230.56 Failure to equip water glass with            1,000         2,000
 suitable lamp..............................
230.57 Injectors and feedwater pumps:
    (a) Failure to equip steam locomotive           3,000         6,000
     with proper means for delivering water
     to the boiler..........................
    (b) Failure to properly test and/or             2,500         5,000
     maintain injectors, feedwater pumps,
     boiler checks, delivery pipes, feed
     water pipes, tank hose, tank valves....
    (c) Failure to properly brace injectors,        1,000         2,000
     feedwater pumps, and/or associated
     piping.................................
230.58 Flue plugs:
    (a) Plugging flue plugs when not                1,000         2,000
     otherwise permitted....................
    (b) Improperly plugging flue plugs, when        1,000         2,000
     otherwise permitted....................
230.59 Failure to remove and properly clean         1,500         3,000
 fusible boiler plugs when required to do
 so; failure to properly note removal.......
230.60 Time of washing:
    (a) Failure to thoroughly wash boiler           1,000         2,000
     when required to do so.................
    (b) Failure to remove washout plugs,            1,500         3,000
     arch tube plugs, thermic siphon plugs,
     circulator plugs, water bar plugs when
     washing locomotive boiler..............
    (c) Failure to examine and/or properly          1,500         3,000
     maintain washout plugs washout plug
     sleeves, threaded openings.............
    (d) Failure to clean fusible plugs when         1,500         3,000
     required to do so......................
230.61 Arch tubes, water bar tubes,
 circulators and thermic siphons:
    (a) Failure to clean, wash, inspect arch        1,000         2,000
     tubes, water bar tubes, circulators and
     thermic siphons as required............
    (b) Failure to renew arch tubes, water          1,500         3,000
     bar tubes; failure to repair or renew
     circulators, thermic siphons when
     required...............................
    (c) Failure to properly inspect and/or          1,500         3,000
     replace as necessary arch tubes, water
     bar tubes, circulators.................
230.62 Failure to properly inspect and/or           2,500         5,000
 repair or replace as necessary dry pipes
 subject to pressure........................
230.63 Failure to properly inspect smoke            1,500         3,000
 box, steam pipes, pressure parts when
 required to do so..........................
230.64 Failure to remove from service steam         1,500         3,000
 locomotive boiler leaking under lagging
 from condition which may reduce safety and/
 or repair the boiler before returning to
 service....................................
230.65 Failure to keep steam locomotive             1,000         2,000
 boiler, piping, appurtenances in repair so
 steam does not obscure vision..............
230.66 Failure to properly oversee general          1,000         2,000
 design, construction, maintenance of steam
 locomotive(s) and tender(s)................
230.67 Failure to ensure all steam                  2,500         5,000
 locomotives and tenders are properly
 inspected and repaired and/or all defects
 are properly repaired and steam locomotive
 and/or tender are in good condition, safe
 and suitable for service before being
 returned to service........................
230.68 Failure to equip steam locomotive            1,000         1,500
 that operates in excess of 20 miles per
 hour over the general system with speed
 indicator maintained to ensure accurate
 functioning................................
230.69 Failure to equip steam locomotive            1,000         2,000
 with properly supported ash pan with
 operating mechanism that may be safely
 operated and securely closed...............
230.70 Safe condition:
    (a) Failure to perform proper pre-              1,000         2,000
     departure inspection when so required..
    (b) Failure to properly equip steam             1,000         2,000
     locomotive with brake pipe valve
     clearly identified as ``Emergency Brake
     Valve''................................
230.71 Orifice testing of air compressors:..
    (a)(b):
        Failure to properly test and/or             1,000         2,000
         maintain air compressor(s) capacity
230.72 Testing main reservoirs:
    (a) Failure to properly test main               1,000         2,000
     reservoir(s) when required.............
    (b) Impermissibly or improperly drilling        1,000         2,000
     main reservoir.........................
    (c) Impermissibly using NDE method to           1,000         2,000
     measure wall thickness of main
     reservoir..............................
    (d) Failure to use appropriate method of        1,500         3,000
     NDE testing of wall thickness of welded
     or riveted longitudinal lap seam main
     reservoir(s); failure to withdraw main
     reservoir(s) from service when testing
     reveals insufficient wall thickness....
230.73 Air gauges:

[[Page 394]]


    (a) Failure to equip steam locomotive           1,000         1,500
     with properly located air gauge(s) that
     are no more than 3 psi in error........
    (b) Failure to test air gauge(s) when so        1,000         1,500
     required...............................
    (c) Failure to properly test air                1,000         1,500
     gauge(s)...............................
230.74 Failure to properly clean and/or test        1,000         1,500
 all air brake valves, related dirt
 collectors, filters when required to do so.
230.75 Failure to properly stencil or               1,000         1,500
 display date of testing and cleaning and
 initials of shop or station performing work
230.76 Piston travel:
    (a) Insufficient minimum piston travel..        1,000         1,500
    (b) Excessive piston travel when steam          1,000         2,000
     locomotive is stationary...............
230.77 Foundation brake gear:
    (a) Failure to properly maintain                1,000         2,000
     foundation brake gear..................
    (b) Foundation brake gear less than 2.5         1,000         2,000
     inches above rail......................
230.78 Leakage:
    (a):
        (1) Failure to test for leakage from        1,000         1,500
         main reservoir or related piping as
         required...........................
        (2) Failure to repair excessive             1,000         2,000
         leakage from main reservoir or
         related piping leakage.............
    (b) Failure to test for brake cylinder          1,000         1,500
     as required............................
    (c):
        (1) Failure to test for leakage from        1,000         2,000
         steam locomotive brake pipe as
         required...........................
        (2) Failure to repair excessive             1,000         2,000
         brake pipe leakage.................
230.79 Train signal system:
        (1) Failure to test the train signal        1,000         1,500
         system or other form of on-board
         communication as required..........
        (2) Failure to repair train signal          1,000         1,500
         system or other on-board
         communication when not safe or
         suitable for service...............
230.80 Cabs:
    (a) Steam locomotive cab not safe and           1,000         2,000
     suitable for service...................
    (b) Steam pipes: Construction,                  1,000         2,000
     attachment.............................
    (c) Oil-burning steam locomotive, cab-          1,000         1,500
     enclosed...............................
230.81 Cab aprons:
    (a) Cab apron, general provisions.......        1,000         1,500
    (b) Cab apron, insufficient width.......        1,000         1,500
230.82 Fire doors:
    (a) Safe and suitable for service,              1,000         2,000
     general provisions.....................
    (b) Construction and maintenance of             1,000         2,000
     mechanically operated fire doors.......
    (c) Construction and maintenance of hand-       1,000         2,000
     operated fire doors....................
230.83 Cylinder cocks:
        (1) Failure to properly equip with          1,000         1,500
         cylinder cocks.....................
        (2) Failure to properly maintain            1,000         1,500
         cylinder cocks.....................
230.84 Sanders:
        (1) Inoperable sanders..............        1,000         1,500
        (2) Failure to test sanders.........        1,000         1,500
230.85 Audible warning devices:
    (a) General provisions..................        1,000         1,500
    (b) Sound level measurements, Failure to        1,000         1,500
     properly take..........................
230.86 Required illumination:
    (a) General provisions..................        1,000         1,500
    (b) Dimming device, Failure to properly         1,000         1,500
     equip with.............................
    (c) Multiple locomotives, Failure of            1,000         1,500
     lead locomotive to display headlight...
230.87 Cab lights: Failure to properly equip        1,000         2,000
 with.......................................
230.88 Throttles: Failure to properly               1,000         2,000
 maintain, equip............................
230.89 Reverse gear:
    (a) General provisions..................        1,000         2,000
    (b) Air-operated power reverse gear.....        1,000         2,000
    (c) Power reverse gear reservoirs.......        1,000         2,000
230.90 Draw gear and draft systems:
    (a) Maintenance and testing.............        1,000         1,500
    (b) Safety bars and chains, general.....        1,000         1,500
    (c) Safety bars and chains, minimum             1,000         1,500
     length.................................
    (d) Lost motion between steam locomotive        1,000         1,500
     and tender.............................
    (e) Spring buffers: Improper                    1,000         1,500
     application, compression...............
230.91 Chafing irons: Improper application,         1,000         1,500
 maintenance................................
230.92 Draw gear, draft systems: Improperly         1,000         1,500
 maintained, fastened.......................
230.93 Pistons and piston rods:
    (a) Failure to properly inspect,                1,000         2,000
     maintain, renew........................
    (b) Fasteners: Failure to keep tight,           1,000         2,000
     properly equip.........................
230.94 Crossheads: Improperly maintained,           1,000         2,000
 excess clearance...........................
230.95 Guides: Failure to securely fasten,          1,000         2,000
 properly maintain..........................
230.96 Main, side, valve motion rods:
    (a) General.............................        1,000         2,000
    (b) Repairs.............................

[[Page 395]]


        (1) Failure to make in accordance           1,000         2,000
         with accepted national standard....
        (2) Failure to submit written               1,000         2,000
         request for approval prior to
         welding............................
        (c) Bearings and bushings...........        1,000         1,500
    (d) Rod side motion: Excessive motion...        1,000         1,500
    (e) Oil, grease cups: Failure to                1,000         1,500
     securely fasten, properly equip........
    (f) Main rod bearings:
        (1) excessive bore..................        1,000         1,500
        (2) excessive lost motion...........        1,000         1,500
    (g) Side rod bearings, excessive bore...        1,000         1,500
230.97 Crank pins:
    (a) General provisions..................        1,000         2,000
    (b) Maintenance: Failure to maintain in         1,000         2,000
     safe, suitable condition...............
230.98 Driving, trailing, engine truck
 axles:
    (a) Condemning defects..................        1,000         2,000
    (b) Journal diameter: Failure to stamp            750         1,000
     on end of axle.........................
230.99 Tender truck axle: Insufficient              1,000         2,000
 diameter...................................
230.100 Defects in tender truck axles and
 journals:
    (a) Tender truck axle condemning defects        1,000         2,000
    (b) Tender truck journal condemning             1,000         2,000
     defects................................
230.101 Steam locomotive driving journal
 boxes:
    (a) Driving journal boxes: Failure to           1,000         2,000
     properly maintain......................
    (b) Broken bearings: Failure to renew...        1,000         2,000
    (c) Loose bearings: Failure to repair or        1,000         2,000
     renew..................................
230.102 Tender plain bearing journal boxes:         1,000         1,500
 Failure to repair..........................
230.103 Tender roller bearing journal boxes:        1,000         1,500
 Failure to properly maintain...............
230.104 Driving box shoes and wedges:               1,000         1,500
 Failure to properly maintain...............
230.105 Lateral motion:
    (a) Condemning limits: Total lateral            1,000         1,500
     motion in excess of....................
    (b) Limits exceeded, failure to                 1,000         1,500
     demonstrate conditions require
     additional lateral motion..............
    (c) Interferes with other parts of steam        1,000         1,500
     locomotive.............................
230.106 Steam locomotive frame:
    (a) Failure to properly inspect and/or          1,000         2,000
     maintain...............................
    (b) Broken frames, not properly patched         2,500         5,000
     or secured.............................
230.107 Tender frame and body:
    (a) Failure to properly maintain........        1,000         1,500
    (b) Height difference between tender            1,000         1,500
     deck and steam locomotive cab floor or
     deck excessive.........................
    (c) Gangway minimum width excessive.....        1,000         1,500
    (d) Tender frame condemning defects.....        1,500         3,000
230.108 Steam locomotive leading and
 trailing trucks:
    (a) Failure to properly maintain........        1,000         1,500
    (b) Safety chain, suitable safety chain         1,000         1,500
     not provided...........................
    (c) Insufficient truck clearance........        1,000         2,000
230.109 Tender trucks:
    (a):
        (1) Tender truck frames.............        1,000         2,000
        (2) Tender truck center plate.......        1,000         2,000
    (b) Tender truck bolsters: Failure to           1,500         3,000
     properly maintain......................
    (c) Condemning defects, springs and/or          1,000         2,000
     spring rigging.........................
    (d) Truck securing arrangement: Not             1,000         1,500
     properly maintained....................
    (e) Side bearings, truck centering              1,000         2,000
     devices................................
    (f) Friction side bearings: Run in              1,000         2,000
     contact................................
    (g):
        (1) Side bearings, failure to equip         1,000         2,000
         rear trucks with...................
        (2) Insufficient clearance of.......        1,000         2,000
230.110 Pilots:
    (a) General provisions..................        1,000         1,500
    (b) Clearance, insufficient or excessive        1,000         1,500
230.111 Spring rigging:
    (a) Arrangement of springs and                  1,000         2,000
     equalizers.............................
    (b) Spring or spring rigging condemning         1,000         2,000
     defects................................
230.112 Wheels and tires:
    (a) Improperly Mounted, excess variance         1,500         3,000
     in axle diameter.......................
    (b) Out of gage.........................        1,000         2,000
    (c) Flange distance variance, excessive.        1,000         2,000
    (d) Tire thickness, insufficient........        1,000         2,000
    (e) Tire width, insufficient............        1,000         2,000
230.113 Wheels and tire defects:
        (1) Failure to repair...............        1,000         2,000
        (2) Welding on, except as otherwise         1,500         3,000
         provided for.......................
    (a) Cracks or breaks in.................        1,000         2,000
    (b) Flat spots..........................        1,000         2,000
    (c) Chipped flange......................        1,000         2,000
    (d) Broken rim..........................        1,000         2,000

[[Page 396]]


    (e) Shelled-out spots...................        1,000         2,000
    (f) Seams...............................        1,000         2,000
    (g) Worn flanges, excessive wear........        1,000         2,000
    (h) Worn treads, excessive wear.........        1,000         2,000
    (i) Flange height, insufficient or              1,000         2,000
     excessive..............................
    (j) Rim thickness, insufficient.........        1,000         2,000
    (k) Wheel diameter, excessive variance..        1,000         2,000
230.114 Wheel centers:
    (a) Filling blocks and shims............        1,000         2,000
    (b) Wheel center condemning limits,             1,000         2,000
     failure to repair......................
    (c) Wheel center repairs................        1,000         2,000
    (d) Counterbalance maintenance..........        1,000         2,000
230.115 Feed water tanks:
    (a) General provisions..................        1,000         2,000
    (b) Inspection frequency, failure to            1,000         1,500
     inspect as required....................
    (c) Top of tender: Improperly maintained        1,000         1,500
     and/or equipped........................
230.116 Oil tanks:
        (1) Failure to properly maintain....        2,500         5,000
        (2) Failure to equip with complying         5,000         7,500
         safety cut-off device..............
------------------------------------------------------------------------
\1\ Failure to observe any condition for movement set forth in Sec.
  230.12 will deprive the railroad of the benefit of the movement-for-
  repair provision and make the railroad and any responsible individuals
  liable for penalty under the particular regulatory section(s)
  concerning the substantive defect(s) present on the locomotive at the
  time of movement. Failure to comply with Sec.  230.12 will result in
  the lapse of any affected waiver.




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